A manhole (utility hole, maintenance hole,[1] or sewer hole) is an opening to a confined space such as a shaft, utility vault, or large vessel. Manholes, typically protected by a manhole cover, are often used as an access point for an underground public utility, allowing inspection, maintenance, and system upgrades. The majority of underground services have manholes, including water, sewers, telephone, electricity, storm drains, district heating, and gas.
Manholes are generally found in urban areas,[2] in streets and occasionally under sidewalks. In rural and undeveloped areas, services such as telephone and electricity are usually carried on utility poles or even pylons rather than underground.
In Australia, manhole also commonly refers to an access hatch used to get access from a room or hallway into the ceiling cavity of a building.[3][4] These manholes are typically around 450 mm × 450 mm (18 in × 18 in) square.
- ^ Nemerow, Nelson L.; Agardy, Franklin J.; Salvato, Joseph A. (2009). Environmental Engineering: Environmental Health and Safety for Municipal Infrastructure, Land Use and Planning, and Industry (6, illustrated ed.). John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-0470083055. Retrieved 2019-07-19.
- ^ Singh, Kanwarjot (2023-06-30). "What is a Manhole- Function, Construction, Materials, and Types of Manhole - Civil Engineering Portal". Civil Engineering Portal - Biggest Civil Engineering Information Sharing Website. Retrieved 2024-04-22.
- ^ Attribus Innovation (17 January 2019). "Assessment Requirements for CPCCPB3027 Install ceiling insulation products" (PDF). Department of Education and Training (1st ed.). Commonwealth of Australia. Retrieved 5 July 2019.
- ^ "How to install a manhole". Bunnings Warehouse. Retrieved 5 July 2019.