Manila
Maynila (Filipino) | |
|---|---|
| City of Manila | |
 Flag | |
| Nickname(s): | |
| Motto(s): Manila, God First Welcome Po Kayo sa Maynila (transl. You are welcome in Manila) | |
| Anthem: "Awit ng Maynila" (Song of Manila) | |
![Map of Metro Manila with Manila highlighted[a]](view_image.php?q=Manila&sq=Qlik&lang=&file=File:Manila_in_Metro_Manila.svg) Map of Metro Manila with Manila highlighted[a] | |
OpenStreetMap  | |
.svg)  Manila Location within the Philippines | |
| Coordinates: 14°35′45″N 120°58′38″E / 14.5958°N 120.9772°E | |
| Country |  Philippines |
| Region | National Capital Region |
| Legislative district | 1st to 6th district |
| Administrative district | 16 city districts |
| Established | 13th century or earlier |
| Sultanate of Brunei (Maynila) | 1500s |
| Spanish Manila | June 24, 1571 |
| City charter | July 31, 1901 |
| Highly urbanized city | December 22, 1979 |
| Barangays | 897 (see Barangays and districts) |
| Government | |
| • Type | Sangguniang Panlungsod |
| • Mayor | Maria Sheilah H. Lacuna-Pangan |
| • Vice Mayor | John Marvin C. Nieto |
| • Representatives | |
| • City Council | List |
| • Electorate | 1,133,042 voters (2022) |
| Area | |
• City | 42.34 km2 (16.35 sq mi) |
| • Urban | 1,873 km2 (723 sq mi) |
| • Metro | 619.57 km2 (239.22 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 9.0 m (29.5 ft) |
| Highest elevation | 108 m (354 ft) |
| Lowest elevation | 0 m (0 ft) |
| Population | |
• City | 1,846,513 |
| • Density | 43,611.5/km2 (112,953/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 13,484,482 |
| • Urban density | 21,764.3/km2 (56,369/sq mi) |
| • Metro | 24,922,000 |
| • Metro density | 13,305.9/km2 (34,462/sq mi) |
| • Households | 486,293 |
| Demonym(s) | English: Manileño, Manilan; Spanish: manilense,[7] manileño (f. -a) Filipino: Manileño (f. -a), Manilenyo (f. -a), Taga-Maynila |
| Economy | |
| • Income class | special city income class |
| • Poverty incidence | 1.10 |
| • HDI |  0.781[9] – high (2019) |
| • Revenue | ₱ 19,692 million (2022) |
| • Assets | ₱ 73,694 million (2022) |
| • Expenditure | ₱ 16,047 million (2022) |
| • Liabilities | ₱ 26,765 million (2022) |
| Utilities | |
| • Electricity | Manila Electric Company (Meralco) |
| • Water | • Maynilad (Majority) • Manila Water (Santa Ana and San Andres) |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (PST) |
| ZIP code | +900 – 1-096 |
| PSGC | |
| IDD : area code | +63 (0)2 |
| Native languages | Tagalog |
| Currency | Philippine peso (₱) |
| Website | manila |
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Manila (/məˈnɪlə/ mə-NIL-ə; Filipino: Maynila), officially the City of Manila (Filipino: Lungsod ng Maynila), is the capital and second-most populous city of the Philippines, after Quezon City. Located on the eastern shore of Manila Bay on the island of Luzon, it is classified as a highly urbanized city. Manila is the world's most densely populated city proper,[5][6] with 43,611.5 inhabitants per square kilometer (112,953/sq mi) and a population of 1,846,513 people in 2020;[5] it is also the historic core of a built-up area that extends well beyond its administrative limits and includes some 24 million people. Manila was the first chartered city in the country, designated by Philippine Commission Act No. 183 on July 31, 1901. It became autonomous with the passage of Republic Act No. 409, "The Revised Charter of the City of Manila", on June 18, 1949.[10][11] Manila is considered to be part of the world's original set of global cities because its commercial networks were the first to extend across the Pacific Ocean and connect Asia with the Spanish Americas through the galleon trade. This marked the first time an uninterrupted chain of trade routes circling the planet had been established.[12][13]
By 1258, a Tagalog-fortified polity called Maynila existed on the site of modern Manila. On June 24, 1571, after the defeat of the polity's last indigenous ruler, Rajah Sulayman, in the Battle of Bangkusay, Spanish conquistador Miguel López de Legazpi began constructing the walled fortification of Intramuros on the ruins of an older settlement from whose name the Spanish and English name Manila derives. Manila was used as the capital of the captaincy general of the Spanish East Indies, which included the Marianas, Guam, and other islands, and was controlled and administered for the Spanish crown by Mexico City in the Viceroyalty of New Spain.
In modern times, the name "Manila" is commonly used to refer to the entire metropolitan area, the greater metropolitan area, and the city proper. Metro Manila, the officially defined metropolitan area, is the capital region of the Philippines, and includes the much larger Quezon City and the Makati Central Business District. It is the most populous region in the country, one of the most populous urban areas in the world,[14] and one of the wealthiest regions in Southeast Asia.
The Pasig River flows through the middle of Manila, dividing it into northern and southern sections. The city comprises 16 administrative districts and is divided into six political districts for the purposes of representation in the Congress of the Philippines and the election of city council members. In 2018, the Globalization and World Cities Research Network listed Manila as an "Alpha-" global city,[15] and ranked it seventh in economic performance globally and second regionally,[16] while the Global Financial Centres Index ranks Manila 79th in the world.[17] Manila is also the world's second most natural disaster-exposed city,[18] yet is also among the fastest-developing cities in Southeast Asia.[19]
- ^ "'Pearl of Orient' Stripped of Food; Manila, Before Pearl Harbor, Had Been Prosperous—Its Harbor One, of Best Focus for Two Attacks Osmeña Succeeded Quezon". New York Times. February 5, 1945. Retrieved March 3, 2014.
Manila, modernized and elevated to the status of a metropolis by American engineering skill, was before Pearl Harbor a city of 623,000 population, contained in an area of 14 square miles (36 km2).
- ^ [https://lgu201.dilg.gov.ph/view.php?r=13&p=39
- ^ "Manila". City Government of Manila.
- ^ "Mappa topografica Manila" (in Italian). Retrieved November 5, 2024.
- ^ a b c Census of Population (2020). Table B - Population and Annual Growth Rates by Province, City, and Municipality - By Region. Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved July 8, 2021.
- ^ a b "Philippine Population Density (Based on the 2015 Census of Population)". Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved November 2, 2017.
- ^ The original form as used by José Rizal in El filibusterismo.
- ^ "PSA Releases the 2021 City and Municipal Level Poverty Estimates". Philippine Statistics Authority. April 2, 2024. Retrieved April 28, 2024.
- ^ Sub-national HDI. "Area Database – Global Data Lab". hdi.globaldatalab.org.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
ra409was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ "Annual Audit Report: City of Manila" (PDF). Commission on Audit. 2014. Archived from the original on November 4, 2016. Retrieved November 4, 2016.
- ^ China and the Birth of Globalization in the 16th Century, by Dennis O. Flynn and Arturo Giráldez
- ^ Frank, Andre G. (1998). ReOrient: Global Economy in the Asian Age. Berkeley: University of California Press. pp. 131. ISBN 9780520214743.
- ^ "Highlights of the Philippine Population 2015 Census of Population". Philippine Statistics Authority. May 19, 2016. Retrieved April 12, 2017.
- ^ "GaWC – The World According to GaWC 2018". www.lboro.ac.uk. Retrieved February 28, 2020.
- ^ "Brookings – Global Metro Monitor 2018". www.brookings.edu. November 30, 2001. Retrieved April 6, 2020.
- ^ "The Global Financial Centres Index 27" (PDF). Long Finance. March 2020. Retrieved April 5, 2020.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
Philippine Daily Inquirerwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ "Global Metro Monitor". Brookings Institution. January 22, 2015. Retrieved April 12, 2017.