Maria Natanovna Smith-Falkner (Russian: Мария Натановна Смит-Фалькнер; February 16 [February 4, Old Style], 1878 in Taganrog – March 7, 1968 in Moscow) was a Soviet economist, statistician and a corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR from 1939 onwards.[1] She was a member of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, having joined the Bolsheviks in 1918.