Markarian 501 | |
---|---|
Observation data (J2000 epoch) | |
Constellation | Hercules |
Right ascension | 16h 53m 52.21s[1] |
Declination | 39° 45′ 37.6″[1] |
Redshift | 9915±25 km/s or 0.033640 Z |
Distance | 456 Mly (140 Mpc; 4.32x1024 m) |
Group or cluster | zw1707.6+4045 |
Characteristics | |
Type | S0 [2] |
Size | ~210,000 ly (64 kpc) (estimated)[3][2][a] |
Apparent size (V) | 94.86" × 71.1" [2] |
Notable features | brightest object in very-high-energy gamma rays |
Other designations | |
4C39.49, PGC 59214, UGC 10599 |
Markarian 501 (or Mrk 501) is a galaxy with a spectrum extending to the highest energy gamma rays.[4] It is a blazar or BL Lac object, which is an active galactic nucleus with a jet that is shooting towards the Earth. The object has a redshift of z = 0.034.[5]
Mrk 501 is an extremely variable source of gamma rays, undergoing violent outbursts.[5] During an outburst in 1997, it was the brightest object in the sky in the very-high-energy gamma ray region of the spectrum, at energies above 1011 eV (100 GeV).[6]
The galaxy hosting the blazar was studied and catalogued by Benjamin Markarian in 1974.[7] It was first determined to be a very high energy gamma ray emitter in 1996 by John Quinn at the Whipple Observatory.[5][8]
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