.jpg) Navratilova at the Eastbourne International, June 2011 | |
| Country (sports) |  United States (from Oct 1975) Czechoslovakia (through Sep 1975) |
|---|---|
| Residence | Miami, Florida, U.S. |
| Born | October 18, 1956 Prague, Czechoslovakia |
| Height | 5 ft 8 in (1.73 m) |
| Turned pro | 1974 |
| Retired | 2006 |
| Plays | Left-handed (one-handed backhand) |
| Prize money | US$21,626,089[1] |
| Int. Tennis HoF | 2000 (member page) |
| Singles | |
| Career record | 1442–219 |
| Career titles | 167 (Open era record)[2] |
| Highest ranking | No. 1 (July 10, 1978) |
| Grand Slam singles results | |
| Australian Open | W (1981, 1983, 1985) |
| French Open | W (1982, 1984) |
| Wimbledon | W (1978, 1979, 1982, 1983, 1984, 1985, 1986, 1987, 1990) |
| US Open | W (1983, 1984, 1986, 1987) |
| Other tournaments | |
| Tour Finals | W (1978, 1979, 1981, 1983, 1984, 1985, 1986Mar, 1986Nov) |
| Doubles | |
| Career record | 747–143 |
| Career titles | 177 (Open era record) |
| Highest ranking | No. 1 (September 10, 1984) |
| Grand Slam doubles results | |
| Australian Open | W (1980, 1982, 1983, 1984, 1985, 1987, 1988, 1989) |
| French Open | W (1975, 1982, 1984, 1985, 1986, 1987, 1988) |
| Wimbledon | W (1976, 1979, 1981, 1982, 1983, 1984, 1986) |
| US Open | W (1977, 1978, 1980, 1983, 1984, 1986, 1987, 1989, 1990) |
| Other doubles tournaments | |
| Tour Finals | W (1977, 1978, 1980, 1981, 1982, 1983, 1984, 1985, 1986Nov, 1987, 1988, 1989, 1991) |
| Olympic Games | QF (2004) |
| Mixed doubles | |
| Career titles | 15 |
| Grand Slam mixed doubles results | |
| Australian Open | W (2003) |
| French Open | W (1974, 1985) |
| Wimbledon | W (1985, 1993, 1995, 2003) |
| US Open | W (1985, 1987, 2006) |
| Team competitions | |
| Fed Cup | W (1975, 1982, 1986, 1989) |
| Coaching career (2014–2015) | |
| |
Martina Navratilova (Czech: Martina Navrátilová [ˈmarcɪna ˈnavraːcɪlovaː] ; née Šubertová [ˈʃubɛrtovaː]; born October 18, 1956) is a Czech-American former professional tennis player. Widely considered among the greatest tennis players of all time, Navratilova won 18 major singles titles, 31 major women's doubles titles, and 10 major mixed doubles titles, for a combined total of 59 major titles, the most in the Open Era.[3][4] Alongside Chris Evert, her greatest rival, Navratilova dominated women's tennis for the first two-thirds of the 1980s.
Navratilova was ranked as the world No. 1 in singles for a total of 332 weeks (second only to Steffi Graf), and for a record 237 weeks in doubles, making her the only player in history to have held the top spot in both disciplines for over 200 weeks. She won 167 top-level singles titles and 177 doubles titles, both the Open Era records. She won a record six consecutive singles majors across 1983 and 1984 while simultaneously winning the Grand Slam in doubles. Navratilova claims the best professional season winning percentage, 98.8% in 1983 (going 86–1 for the season), and the longest all-surface winning streak of 74 straight match wins. She reached the Wimbledon singles final 12 times, including for nine consecutive years from 1982 through 1990, and won the title a record nine times.[5] Navratilova is one of the three tennis players, along with Margaret Court and Doris Hart, to have accomplished a career Grand Slam in singles, doubles, and mixed doubles, called the career "Boxed Set". She won her last major title, the mixed doubles crown at the 2006 US Open, shortly before her 50th birthday, and 32 years after her first major title in 1974.
Originally from Czechoslovakia, Navratilova was stripped of her citizenship[6] when, in 1975 at age 18, she asked the United States for political asylum and was granted temporary residence.[7][8] She became a US citizen in 1981. On January 9, 2008, Navratilova reacquired Czech citizenship, thus becoming a dual citizen.[9] She stated she has not renounced her U.S. citizenship nor does she plan to do so, and that reclaiming Czech nationality was not politically motivated.[10] Navratilova has been openly gay since 1981, and has been an activist on gay rights.[11]
- ^ "News – WTA Tennis All Career Prize Money" (PDF). Women's Tennis Association. Retrieved July 31, 2021.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
WTAProfilewas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Landrum, Gene N. (2006). Empowerment : the competitive edge in sports, business & life. Burlington, Ont.: Brendan Kelly Pub. p. 169. ISBN 9781895997248.
- ^ Riess, Steven A. (2015). Sports in America from Colonial Times to the Twenty-First Century: An Encyclopedia: An Encyclopedia. Oxford, England: Routledge. p. 661. ISBN 9781317459477.
- ^ Lincicome, Bernie (July 8, 1990). "A Natural Ninth For Navratilova". The Chicago Tribune. Retrieved September 21, 2014.
- ^ Justin McCurry (March 11, 2008). "Navratilova Czechs in with homeland". The Guardian. Retrieved November 14, 2013.
- ^ "40 Important Women's Moments: 1975, Martina Defects to the West". WTA. Archived from the original on October 23, 2013.
- ^ "Martina Defects for Love Set", St. Petersburg Independent, September 8, 1975, page 1-C.
- ^ Tim Reid (March 12, 2008). "Martina Navratilova gets passport on rebound". The Times. United Kingdom. Archived from the original on March 11, 2008.
- ^ Martina Navratilova (March 25, 2008). "My Dual Citizenship: Why Did the Media Get It So Wrong?". Huffington Post. USA.
- ^ "Navratilova on Pride Month: 'I would urge people to just be themselves'". Women's Tennis Association. June 16, 2021.