Matsumura (written: 松村 lit. "pine tree village") is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:
- Anri Matsumura (松村 杏里, born 1991), Japanese handball player
- Ayako Matsumura (松村 亜矢子, born 1982), Japanese synchronized swimmer
- Chiaki Matsumura (松村 千秋, born 1992), Japanese curler
- Matsumura Goshun (松村 呉春, 1752–1811), Japanese painter
- Jinzō Matsumura (松村 任三, 1856–1928), Japanese botanist
- Hideyuki Matsumura (松村 英之, 1930–1995), Japanese mathematician
- Hokuto Matsumura (松村 北斗, born 1995), Japanese singer and actor
- Katsumi Matsumura (松村 勝美, born 1944), Japanese volleyball player
- Katsuya Matsumura (松村 克弥, born 1963), Japanese film director and screenwriter
- Kunihiro Matsumura (松村 邦洋, born 1967), Japanese comedian
- Michio Matsumura (松村 道央, born 1983), Japanese golfer
- Mitsuru Matsumura (松村 充, born 1957), Japanese figure skater and coach
- Motoharu Matsumura (松村 元治, born 1946), Japanese cross-country skier
- Nabe Matsumura (松村 ナビ, 1860–1930), Japanese karateka
- Ryo Matsumura (松村 亮, born 1994), Japanese footballer
- Ryuji Matsumura (松村 龍二, born 1938), Japanese politician
- Sayuri Matsumura (松村 沙友理, born 1992), Japanese singer and actress
- Shōnen Matsumura (松村 松年, 1872–1960), Japanese entomologist
- Matsumura Sōkon (松村 宗棍), Japanese karateka
- Suzuko Matsumura (松村 鈴子, born 1958), Japanese swimmer
- Teizo Matsumura (松村 禎三, 1929–2007), Japanese composer and poet
- Yoshifumi Matsumura (松村 祥史, born 1964), Japanese politician
- Yoshiko Matsumura (松村 好子, born 1941), Japanese volleyball player
- Yuki Matsumura (松村 雄基, born 1963), Japanese actor
- Yuta Matsumura (松村 雄太, born 1989), Japanese curler
- Yuta Matsumura (松村 優太, born 2001), Japanese professional footballer