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A mattress pad, mattress topper, or underpad is designed to lie atop a mattress. Made from a variety of materials including wool, cotton, memory foam, feather and latex,[1] its function is to provide an extra layer of comfort, especially when the existing mattress is worn or uncomfortable.
Physically, it is a thin mattress, usually 5–10 centimetres (2–4 in) thick.[2] Stand-alone mattresses of this size exist, including futons, and floor beds. Similarly, traditional European beds were made of a stack of mattresses of this size. In contrast, mattress toppers are usually sold for use on top of boxsprings (secured with straps or elasticated cloth corners[3]). They are used to extend the life of the more-expensive boxspring, make a bed warmer[2] or cooler (with airflow,[4] or heat-conductive materials),[5][6] make a firm bed softer,[4] and for travel and dorms, as they are portable,[2][4] especially if they are low-density.[7]
Like a mattress protector/mattress pad/mattress cover (a thin, generally unpadded layer not designed to improve comfort),[5][4] mattress toppers can be used to protect the mattress from the sleeper or vice versa.[4] Some mattress toppers are machine-washable;[6] covers and fillings are made from a range of materials.[5][7]