| Model 1893 | |
|---|---|
 Illustration of a Mauser Model 1893 rifle | |
| Type | Bolt-action rifle |
| Place of origin | German Empire |
| Service history | |
| In service | 1893–1958 |
| Used by | See Users |
| Wars | War of Canudos Philippine Revolution Greco-Turkish War (1897) Spanish–American War Philippine–American War World War I Contestado War Rif War Spanish Civil War Ifni War |
| Production history | |
| Designer | Paul Mauser |
| Designed | 1893 |
| Manufacturer | |
| Produced | 1893–1951 |
| Specifications | |
| Mass | Rifle: 4 kg (8.8 lb)
Carbine: 3.4 / 3.8 kg (7.5 / 8.4 lb) |
| Barrel length | m/1893: 738 mm (29.1 in) m/1895: 446 mm (17.6 in) m/1916: 552 mm (21.7 in) |
| Cartridge | 7×57mm Mauser 7.65×53mm Mauser |
| Action | Bolt action |
| Feed system | 5 round fixed box magazine |
| Sights | Iron sights |
The Mauser Model 1893 is a bolt-action rifle commonly referred to as the Spanish Mauser, though the model was adopted by other countries in other calibers, most notably the Ottoman Empire. The M1893 was based on the experimental M1892 rifle, which Paul Mauser developed for the Spanish Army as part of a program to correct deficiencies in the earlier 1889, 1890, and 1891 series of Mauser rifles. The M1893 introduced a short staggered-column box magazine that fit flush with the bottom of the stock; the magazine held five smokeless 7×57mm Mauser rounds, which could be reloaded quickly by pushing a stripper clip from the top of the open bolt.
The M1893 was developed into several variants, including a shortened carbine adopted by the Spanish as the M1895, and as the M1913 and M1916 short rifles. All versions of the rifle saw extensive service in the Spanish Army, beginning in the Spanish–American War in 1898, the Rif War of 1920–1927, and the Spanish Civil War of 1936–1939. The M1916 short rifles remained in production in Spain until 1951, and many of these later rifles were converted to shoot either 7.92×57mm Mauser or 7.62×51mm NATO, including some that were extensively modified as the FR7. The converted rifles were used for training and for the Guardia Civil through the 1950s. In Ottoman service, M1893 rifles saw limited action during the Greco-Turkish War of 1897, the Balkan Wars of 1912–1913, and World War I in 1914–1918.
The M1893 proved to be a major success for Mauser, as it provided the basis for later developments, including the Models 1894 and 1896—commonly referred to as Swedish Mausers—the Model 1895, and ultimately the Gewehr 98, one of the most successful bolt-action rifle designs ever produced. For his work, Mauser received the Grand Cross of the Order of Military Merit from Spain. The marked superiority of the M1893 over its American opponent in the Spanish–American War, the Krag–Jørgensens, led the US Army to develop the M1903 Springfield, which itself heavily copied Mauser's designs.