Mercury(II) chloride

Mercury(II) chloride
Ball-and-stick model of the crystal structure
Space-filling model of the crystal structure
Names
IUPAC names
Mercury(II) chloride
Mercury dichloride
Other names
Mercury bichloride
Corrosive sublimate
Abavit
Mercuric chloride
Sulema (Russia)
TL-898
Agrosan
Hydrargyri dichloridum (homeopathy)
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.028.454 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 231-299-8
KEGG
RTECS number
  • OV9100000
UNII
UN number 1624
  • InChI=1S/2ClH.Hg/h2*1H;/q;;+2/p-2 ☒N
  • Cl[Hg]Cl
Properties
HgCl2
Molar mass 271.52 g/mol
Appearance colorless or white solid
Odor odorless
Density 5.43 g/cm3
Melting point 276 °C (529 °F; 549 K)
Boiling point 304 °C (579 °F; 577 K)
3.6 g/100 mL (0 °C)
7.4 g/100 mL (20 °C)
48 g/100 mL (100 °C)
Solubility 4 g/100 mL (ether)
soluble in alcohol, acetone, ethyl acetate
slightly soluble in benzene, CS2, pyridine
Acidity (pKa) 3.2 (0.2M solution)
−82.0·10−6 cm3/mol
1.859
Structure
orthogonal
linear
linear
zero
Thermochemistry
144 J·mol−1·K−1[1]
−230 kJ·mol−1[1]
-178.7 kJ/mol
Pharmacology
D08AK03 (WHO)
Hazards
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards
Highly toxic, corrosive.
GHS labelling:
GHS05: CorrosiveGHS06: ToxicGHS08: Health hazardGHS09: Environmental hazard
Danger
H300+H310+H330, H301, H314, H341, H361f, H372, H410
P201, P202, P260, P264, P270, P273, P280, P281, P301+P310, P301+P330+P331, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P308+P313, P310, P314, P321, P330, P363, P391, P405, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondHealth 4: Very short exposure could cause death or major residual injury. E.g. VX gasFlammability 0: Will not burn. E.g. waterInstability 1: Normally stable, but can become unstable at elevated temperatures and pressures. E.g. calciumSpecial hazards (white): no code
4
0
1
Flash point Non-flammable
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
32 mg/kg (rats, orally)
Safety data sheet (SDS) ICSC 0979
Related compounds
Other anions
Mercury(II) fluoride
Mercury(II) bromide
Mercury(II) iodide
Other cations
Zinc chloride
Cadmium chloride
Mercury(I) chloride
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Mercury(II) chloride (or mercury bichloride[citation needed], mercury dichloride), historically also known as sulema or corrosive sublimate,[2] is the inorganic chemical compound of mercury and chlorine with the formula HgCl2, used as a laboratory reagent. It is a white crystalline solid and a molecular compound that is very toxic to humans. Once used as a treatment for syphilis, it is no longer used for medicinal purposes because of mercury toxicity and the availability of superior treatments.

  1. ^ a b Zumdahl, Steven S. (2009). Chemical Principles 6th Ed. Houghton Mifflin Company. p. A22. ISBN 978-0-618-94690-7.
  2. ^ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Corrosive Sublimate" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 7 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 197.