Methanothrix

Methanothrix
Scientific classification
Domain:
Archaea
Kingdom:
Euryarchaeota
Phylum:
Euryarchaeota
Class:
Methanomicrobia
Order:
Methanosarcinales
Family:
Methanosaetaceae
Genus:
Methanothrix

Huser, Wuhrmann & Zehnder 1983 nom. nov.
Type species
Methanothrix soehngenii
Huser, Wuhrmann & Zehnder 1983
species
Synonyms

In the taxonomy of microorganisms, the Methanothrix is a genus of methanogenic archaea within the Euryarchaeota.[1][2] Methanothrix cells were first isolated from a mesophilic sewage digester but have since been found in many anaerobic and aerobic environments.[3][4] Methanothrix were originally understood to be obligate anaerobes that can survive exposure to high concentrations of oxygen,[5][6] but recent studies have shown at least one Candidatus operational taxonomic unit proposed to be in the Methanothrix genus not only survives but remains active in oxic soils.[4] This proposed species, Ca. Methanothrix paradoxum, is frequently found in methane-releasing ecosystems and is the dominant methanogen in oxic soils.

Methanothrix are non-motile rod-shaped cells which connect together to form long filaments.[5][7] These filaments are enclosed in a proteinaceous sheath.[6] Methanothrix species, like their close relative Methanosarcina barkeri, have membranes entirely composed of diphytanylglycerol diethers.[6][8][9]

  1. ^ See the NCBI webpage on Methanothrix. Data extracted from the "NCBI taxonomy resources". National Center for Biotechnology Information. Retrieved 2007-03-19.
  2. ^ J.P. Euzéby. "Methanothrix". List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN). Retrieved 2021-11-17.
  3. ^ Holmes, Dawn E.; Shrestha, Pravin M.; Walker, David J. F.; Dang, Yan; Nevin, Kelly P.; Woodard, Trevor L.; Lovley, Derek R. (2017). Schloss, Patrick D. (ed.). "Metatranscriptomic Evidence for Direct Interspecies Electron Transfer between Geobacter and Methanothrix Species in Methanogenic Rice Paddy Soils". Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 83 (9). doi:10.1128/AEM.00223-17. ISSN 0099-2240. PMC 5394310. PMID 28258137.
  4. ^ a b Angle, Jordan C.; Morin, Timothy H.; Solden, Lindsey M.; Narrowe, Adrienne B.; Smith, Garrett J.; Borton, Mikayla A.; Rey-Sanchez, Camilo; Daly, Rebecca A.; Mirfenderesgi, Golnazalsdat; Hoyt, David W.; Riley, William J.; Miller, Christopher S.; Bohrer, Gil; Wrighton, Kelly C. (2017-11-16). "Methanogenesis in oxygenated soils is a substantial fraction of wetland methane emissions". Nature Communications. 8 (1): 1567. doi:10.1038/s41467-017-01753-4. ISSN 2041-1723. PMC 5691036. PMID 29146959.
  5. ^ a b Huser, Beat A.; Wuhrmann, Karl; Zehnder, Alexander J. B. (1982-07-01). "Methanothrix soehngenii gen. nov. sp. nov., a new acetotrophic non-hydrogen-oxidizing methane bacterium". Archives of Microbiology. 132 (1): 1–9. doi:10.1007/BF00690808. ISSN 1432-072X.
  6. ^ a b c PATEL, GIRISHCHANDRA B.; SPROTT, G. DENNIS (1990). "Methanosaeta concilii gen. nov., sp. nov. ("Methanothrix concilii") and Methanosaeta thermoacetophila nom. rev., comb. nov.†". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 40 (1): 79–82. doi:10.1099/00207713-40-1-79. ISSN 1466-5034.
  7. ^ Koga, Y; Nishihara, M; Morii, H; Akagawa-Matsushita, M (1993). "Ether polar lipids of methanogenic bacteria: structures, comparative aspects, and biosyntheses". Microbiological Reviews. 57 (1): 164–182. doi:10.1128/mr.57.1.164-182.1993. ISSN 0146-0749. PMC 372904. PMID 8464404.
  8. ^ Ekiel, I; Sprott, G D; Patel, G B (1985). "Acetate and CO2 assimilation by Methanothrix concilii". Journal of Bacteriology. 162 (3): 905–908. doi:10.1128/jb.162.3.905-908.1985. ISSN 0021-9193. PMC 215861. PMID 3922956.
  9. ^ Langworthy, T. A.; Tornabene, T. G.; Holzer, G. (1982-05-01). "Lipids of Archaebacteria". Zentralblatt für Bakteriologie Mikrobiologie und Hygiene: I. Abt. Originale C: Allgemeine, angewandte und ökologische Mikrobiologie. 3 (2): 228–244. doi:10.1016/S0721-9571(82)80036-7. ISSN 0721-9571.