Miguel de la Madrid | |
|---|---|
(b).jpg) Official portrait, 1982 | |
| 59th President of Mexico | |
| In office 1 December 1982 – 30 November 1988 | |
| Preceded by | José López Portillo |
| Succeeded by | Carlos Salinas de Gortari |
| Director of the Fund of Economic Culture | |
| In office 15 January 1990 – 13 December 2000 | |
| Preceded by | Enrique González Pedrero |
| Succeeded by | Gonzalo Celorio Blasco |
| Secretary of Programming and the Budget of Mexico | |
| In office 16 May 1979 – 30 September 1981 | |
| President | José López Portillo |
| Preceded by | Ricardo García Sainz |
| Succeeded by | Ramón Aguirre Velázquez |
| Deputy Secretary of Finance and Public Credit of Mexico | |
| In office 29 September 1975 – 16 May 1979 | |
| President | Luis Echeverría (1975–76) José López Portillo (1976–79) |
| Secretary | Mario Ramón Beteta (1975–76) Julio Rodolfo Moctezuma (1976–77) David Ibarra Muñoz (1976–79) |
| Preceded by | Mario Ramón Beteta |
| Succeeded by | Jesús Silva-Herzog Flores |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Miguel de la Madrid Hurtado 12 January 1935 Colima, Mexico |
| Died | 1 April 2012 (aged 77) Mexico City, Mexico |
| Resting place | Iglesia de Santo Tomás |
| Political party | Institutional Revolutionary Party |
| Spouse | [1] |
| Children | 5 including Enrique |
| Alma mater | National Autonomous University of Mexico (LLB) Harvard University (MPA) |
Miguel de la Madrid Hurtado (Spanish pronunciation: [miˈɣel de la maˈðɾið uɾˈtaðo]; 12 January 1935 – 1 April 2012) was a Mexican politician affiliated with the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) who served as the 59th president of Mexico from 1982 to 1988.[2]
Inheriting a severe economic and financial crisis from his predecessor José López Portillo as a result of the international drop in oil prices and a crippling external debt on which Mexico had defaulted months before he took office, De la Madrid introduced sweeping neoliberal policies to overcome the crisis, beginning an era of market-oriented presidents in Mexico, along with austerity measures involving deep cuts in public spending. In spite of these reforms, De la Madrid's administration continued to be plagued by negative economic growth and inflation for the rest of his term, while the social effects of the austerity measures were particularly harsh on the lower and middle classes, with real wages falling to half of what they were in 1978 and with a sharp rise in unemployment and in the informal economy by the end of his term.[3]
De la Madrid's administration was also famous for his "Moral Renovation" campaign, whose purported goal was to fight the government corruption that had become widespread under previous administrations, leading to the arrests of top officials of the López Portillo administration.
In addition, his administration was criticized for its slow response to the 1985 Mexico City earthquake, and the handling of the controversial 1988 elections in which the PRI candidate Carlos Salinas de Gortari was declared winner, amid accusations of electoral fraud.
- ^ Ortiz de Zárate, Roberto (10 May 2007). "Miguel de la Madrid Hurtado" (in Spanish). Fundació CIDOB. Archived from the original on 20 May 2015. Retrieved 1 July 2008.
- ^ Encyclopædia Britannica (2008). "Miguel de la Madrid". Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Retrieved 1 July 2008.
- ^ Zamora, Gerardo (July–September 1990). "La política laboral del Estado Mexicano: 1982-1988". Revista Mexicana de Sociología. 52 (3): 111–138. doi:10.2307/3540710. JSTOR 3540710.