Mineral dust

Granulometry
Granulometry
Basic concepts
	Particle size, Grain size, Size distribution, Morphology
Methods and techniques
	Mesh scale, Optical granulometry, Sieve analysis, Soil gradation
Related concepts
	Granulation, Granular material, Mineral dust, Pattern recognition, Dynamic light scattering
	v; t; e;

Mineral dust is atmospheric aerosol originated from the suspension of minerals constituting the soil, composed of various oxides and carbonates. Human activities lead to 25% of the airborne dust (particulates) load in the atmosphere^[1]. The Sahara Desert is the major source of mineral dust^[2], which subsequently spreads across the Mediterranean (where it is the origin of rain dust) and Caribbean seas into northern South America, Central America, and eastern North America, and Europe. Additionally, it plays a significant role in the nutrient inflow to the Amazon rainforest.^[3] The Gobi Desert is another source of dust in the atmosphere, which affects eastern Asia and western North America^[4].

^ Ginoux, Paul; Prospero, Joseph M.; Gill, Thomas E.; Hsu, N. Christina; Zhao, Ming (September 2012). "Global-scale attribution of anthropogenic and natural dust sources and their emission rates based on MODIS Deep Blue aerosol products". Reviews of Geophysics. 50 (3). Bibcode:2012RvGeo..50.3005G. doi:10.1029/2012RG000388. ISSN 8755-1209.
^ Checa-Garcia, Ramiro; Balkanski, Yves; Albani, Samuel; Bergman, Tommi; Carslaw, Ken; Cozic, Anne; Dearden, Chris; Marticorena, Beatrice; Michou, Martine; van Noije, Twan; Nabat, Pierre; O'Connor, Fiona M.; Olivié, Dirk; Prospero, Joseph M.; Le Sager, Philippe (2021-07-08). "Evaluation of natural aerosols in CRESCENDO Earth system models (ESMs): mineral dust". Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 21 (13): 10295–10335. Bibcode:2021ACP....2110295C. doi:10.5194/acp-21-10295-2021. ISSN 1680-7316.
^ Koren, I.; Kaufman, Y. J.; Washington, R.; Todd, M. C.; Rudich, Y.; Martins, J. V.; Rosenfeld, D. (2006). "The Bodélé depression: a single spot in the Sahara that provides most of the mineral dust to the Amazon forest". Environmental Research Letters. 1 (1): 014005. Bibcode:2006ERL.....1a4005K. doi:10.1088/1748-9326/1/1/014005.
^ Shao, Yaping; Wyrwoll, Karl-Heinz; Chappell, Adrian; Huang, Jianping; Lin, Zhaohui; McTainsh, Grant H.; Mikami, Masao; Tanaka, Taichu Y.; Wang, Xulong; Yoon, Soonchang (March 2011). "Dust cycle: An emerging core theme in Earth system science". Aeolian Research. 2 (4): 181–204. Bibcode:2011AeoRe...2..181S. doi:10.1016/j.aeolia.2011.02.001.

[1] Ginoux, Paul; Prospero, Joseph M.; Gill, Thomas E.; Hsu, N. Christina; Zhao, Ming (September 2012). "Global-scale attribution of anthropogenic and natural dust sources and their emission rates based on MODIS Deep Blue aerosol products". Reviews of Geophysics. 50 (3). Bibcode:2012RvGeo..50.3005G. doi:10.1029/2012RG000388. ISSN 8755-1209.

[2] Checa-Garcia, Ramiro; Balkanski, Yves; Albani, Samuel; Bergman, Tommi; Carslaw, Ken; Cozic, Anne; Dearden, Chris; Marticorena, Beatrice; Michou, Martine; van Noije, Twan; Nabat, Pierre; O'Connor, Fiona M.; Olivié, Dirk; Prospero, Joseph M.; Le Sager, Philippe (2021-07-08). "Evaluation of natural aerosols in CRESCENDO Earth system models (ESMs): mineral dust". Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 21 (13): 10295–10335. Bibcode:2021ACP....2110295C. doi:10.5194/acp-21-10295-2021. ISSN 1680-7316.

[3] Koren, I.; Kaufman, Y. J.; Washington, R.; Todd, M. C.; Rudich, Y.; Martins, J. V.; Rosenfeld, D. (2006). "The Bodélé depression: a single spot in the Sahara that provides most of the mineral dust to the Amazon forest". Environmental Research Letters. 1 (1): 014005. Bibcode:2006ERL.....1a4005K. doi:10.1088/1748-9326/1/1/014005.

[4] Shao, Yaping; Wyrwoll, Karl-Heinz; Chappell, Adrian; Huang, Jianping; Lin, Zhaohui; McTainsh, Grant H.; Mikami, Masao; Tanaka, Taichu Y.; Wang, Xulong; Yoon, Soonchang (March 2011). "Dust cycle: An emerging core theme in Earth system science". Aeolian Research. 2 (4): 181–204. Bibcode:2011AeoRe...2..181S. doi:10.1016/j.aeolia.2011.02.001.

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