Minimal change disease

Minimal change disease
The three hallmarks of minimal change disease (seen on electron microscopy): diffuse loss of podocyte foot processes, vacuolation, and the appearance of microvilli.
SpecialtyNephrology Edit this on Wikidata

Minimal change disease (MCD), also known as lipoid nephrosis or nil disease, among others, is a disease affecting the kidneys which causes nephrotic syndrome.[1] Nephrotic syndrome leads to the loss of significant amounts of protein to the urine (proteinuria), which causes the widespread edema (soft tissue swelling) and impaired kidney function commonly experienced by those affected by the disease.[1] It is most common in children and has a peak incidence at 2 to 6 years of age.[2] MCD is responsible for 10–25% of nephrotic syndrome cases in adults.[3] It is also the most common cause of nephrotic syndrome of unclear cause (idiopathic) in children.[3]

  1. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference Johnson-2018 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  2. ^ Kumar, Vinay; Abbas, Abul K.; Aster, Jon C. (2014). Robbins and Cotran pathologic basis of disease. Kumar, Vinay, 1944–, Abbas, Abul K.,, Aster, Jon C.,, Perkins, James A. (Ninth ed.). Philadelphia, PA. ISBN 9781455726134. OCLC 879416939.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  3. ^ a b Hogan J, Radhakrishnan J (April 2013). "The treatment of minimal change disease in adults". Journal of the American Society of Nephrology. 24 (5): 702–11. doi:10.1681/ASN.2012070734. PMID 23431071.