Minor seventh

minor seventh
Inversemajor second
Name
Other names-
Abbreviationm7
Size
Semitones10
Interval class2
Just interval16:9[1] or 9:5[2]
Cents
12-Tone equal temperament1000
Just intonation996 or 1018
Minor seventh Play equal tempered or just.

In music theory, a minor seventh is one of two musical intervals that span seven staff positions. It is minor because it is the smaller of the two sevenths, spanning ten semitones. The major seventh spans eleven. For example, the interval from A to G is a minor seventh, as the note G lies ten semitones above A, and there are seven staff positions from A to G. Diminished and augmented sevenths span the same number of staff positions, but consist of a different number of semitones (nine and twelve, respectively).

Minor seventh intervals rarely feature in melodies (and especially in their openings) but occur more often than major sevenths[according to whom?]. A well-known example, in part due to its frequent use in theory classes, is found between the first two words of the phrase "There's a place for us" in the song "Somewhere" in West Side Story.[3] Another well-known example occurs between the first two notes of the introduction to the main theme music from Star Trek: The Original Series theme.[4]

The most common occurrence of the minor seventh is built on the root of the prevailing key's dominant triad, producing the all-important dominant seventh chord.

During the Common Practice Period the minor seventh was defined as a dissonance requiring resolution to a consonance.[5]

  1. ^ Haluska (2003), p.xxiv. Pythagorean minor seventh.
  2. ^ Haluska, Jan (2003). The Mathematical Theory of Tone Systems, p.xxiii. ISBN 0-8247-4714-3. Just minor seventh.
  3. ^ Neely, Blake (2009). Piano For Dummies, p.201. ISBN 0-470-49644-4.
  4. ^ Keith Wyatt, Carl Schroeder, Joe Elliott (2005). Ear Training for the Contemporary Musician, p.69. ISBN 0-7935-8193-1.
  5. ^ Benward & Saker (2003). Music: In Theory and Practice, Vol. I, p.53. Seventh Edition. ISBN 978-0-07-294262-0.