Miss Shilling's orifice

The Rolls-Royce Merlin engine originally came with a direct carburettor, prone to cut-out due to fuel flooding in negative G.

Miss Shilling's orifice was a very simple technical device created to counter engine cut-outs experienced during negative G manoeuvres in early Spitfire and Hurricane fighter aeroplanes during the Battle of Britain. Officially called the R.A.E. restrictor, it was referred to under various names, such as Miss Tilly's diaphragm or the Tilly orifice in reference to its inventor, Beatrice "Tilly" Shilling.