Misumena vatia

Misumena vatia
Female with prey silver-spotted skipper (Hesperia comma)
Female Capturing orange-belted bumblebee (Bombus ternarius)
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Subphylum:	Chelicerata
Class:	Arachnida
Order:	Araneae
Infraorder:	Araneomorphae
Family:	Thomisidae
Genus:	Misumena
Species:	M. vatia
Binomial name
Misumena vatia (Clerck, 1757)
Synonyms
List Araneus vatius Aranea calycina Aranea 4-lineata Aranea kleinii Aranea osbekii Aranea hasselquistii Aranea uddmanni Aranea scorpiformis Aranea virginea Aranea citrea Aranea citrina Aranea sulphereoglobosa Aranea sulphurea Aranea quinquepuncata Aranea albonigricans Aranea calicina Aranea cretata Misumena citrea Thomisus citreus Thomisus calycinus Thomisus dauci Thomisus pratensis Thomisus spinipes Thomisus scorpiformis Thomisus quadrilineatus Thomisus viridis Thomisus phrygiatus Thomisus devius Thomisus fartus Thomisus vatius Pachyptile devia Thomisus cucurbitinus Misumena oblonga Misumena calycina Misumena occidentalis Misumenops vatia

Misumena vatia is a species of crab spider with a holarctic distribution. In North America, it is called the goldenrod crab spider or flower (crab) spider,^[1] as it is commonly found hunting in goldenrod sprays and milkweed plants. They are called crab spiders because of their unique ability to walk sideways as well as forwards and backwards. Both males and females of this species progress through several molts before reaching their adult sizes, though females must molt more to reach their larger size. Females can grow up to 10 mm (0.39 in) while males are quite small, reaching 5 mm (0.20 in) at most. Misumena vatia are usually yellow or white or a pattern of these two colors. They may also present with pale green or pink instead of yellow, again, in a pattern with white. They have the ability to change between these colors based on their surroundings through the molting process. They have a complex visual system, with eight eyes, that they rely on for prey capture and for their color-changing abilities. Sometimes, if Misumena vatia consumes colored prey, the spider itself will take on that color.

Misumena vatia feed on common insects, often consuming prey much larger than themselves. They use venom to immobilize their prey, though they are harmless to humans. They face threats due to parasites and larger insects. For Misumena vatia, survival depends on the choice of hunting site. The spiders closely monitor multiple sites to see if others nearby are frequented by greater numbers of potential prey. The primary sex ratio is biased toward females. Females are stationary and choose a flower to settle on, while males cover great distances searching for mates. Females do not emit pheromones, rather, they leave "draglines" of silk behind them as they move, which males follow. Females live longer than males, on average. After mating, females guard their nests until the young have hatched, after which they die.