Mixed connective tissue disease

Mixed connective tissue disease
Other namesMCTD, connective tissue disease overlap syndrome, mixed collagen vascular disease, sharp syndrome.[1]
SpecialtyImmunology, rheumatology Edit this on Wikidata

Mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) is a systemic autoimmune disease that shares characteristics with at least two other systemic autoimmune diseases, including systemic sclerosis (Ssc), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), polymyositis/dermatomyositis (PM/DM), and rheumatoid arthritis.[2] The idea behind the "mixed" disease is that this specific autoantibody is also present in other autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus, polymyositis, scleroderma, etc. MCTD was characterized as an individual disease in 1972 by Sharp et al.,[3][4] and the term was introduced by Leroy[5] in 1980.[6]

Some experts consider MCTD to be the same as undifferentiated connective tissue disease,[7] but other experts specifically reject this idea[8] because undifferentiated connective tissue disease is not necessarily associated with serum antibodies directed against the U1-RNP. Furthermore, MCTD is associated with a more clearly defined set of signs and symptoms.[8]

  1. ^ "Mixed connective tissue disease". Monarch Initiative. Retrieved 2024-07-16.
  2. ^ Tani, Chiara; Carli, Linda; Vagnani, Sabrina; Talarico, Rosaria; Baldini, Chiara; Mosca, Marta; Bombardieri, Stefano (2014). "The diagnosis and classification of mixed connective tissue disease". Journal of Autoimmunity. 48–49: 46–49. doi:10.1016/j.jaut.2014.01.008. PMID 24461387.
  3. ^ Ungprasert, Patompong; Crowson, Cynthia S.; Chowdhary, Vaidehi R.; Ernste, Floranne C.; Moder, Kevin G.; Matteson, Eric L. (December 2016). "Epidemiology of Mixed Connective Tissue Disease 1985-2014: A Population Based Study". Arthritis Care & Research. 68 (12): 1843–1848. doi:10.1002/acr.22872. ISSN 2151-464X. PMC 5426802. PMID 26946215.
  4. ^ Sharp GC, Irvin WS, Tan EM, Gould RG, Holman HR (February 1972). "Mixed connective tissue disease--an apparently distinct rheumatic disease syndrome associated with a specific antibody to an extractable nuclear antigen (ENA)". The American Journal of Medicine. 52 (2): 148–59. doi:10.1016/0002-9343(72)90064-2. PMID 4621694.
  5. ^ Tsokos GC, Gordon C, Smolen JS (2007). Systemic lupus erythematosus: a companion to Rheumatology. Elsevier Health Sciences. pp. 429–. ISBN 978-0-323-04434-9.
  6. ^ LeRoy EC, Maricq HR, Kahaleh MB (March 1980). "Undifferentiated connective tissue syndromes". Arthritis and Rheumatism. 23 (3): 341–3. doi:10.1002/art.1780230312. PMID 7362686.
  7. ^ Rapini RP, Bolognia JL, Jorizzo JL (2007). Dermatology: 2-Volume Set. St. Louis: Mosby. ISBN 978-1-4160-2999-1.
  8. ^ a b Hoffman RW (1 June 2009). "Mixed Connective Disease". In Stone J (ed.). Pearls & Myths in Rheumatology. Springer. pp. 169–172. ISBN 978-1-84800-933-2. Retrieved 26 June 2010.