Mo (religion)

Not to be confused with Mohism, a school of classical Chinese philosophy.
A symbol of the religious culture of the Zhuang people. It is an image of god Buluotuo, the great ancestor of the Zhuang nation identified with the Spring of the universe (the Utmost God).[note 1]

Mo or Moism (Chinese: 麽教; pinyin: Mó jiào)[1] is the religion of most Zhuang people, the largest ethnic minority of China. It has a large presence in Guangxi. While it has a supreme god, the creator Bu Luotuo (布洛陀),[2] numerous other deities are venerated as well. It has a three-element-theory (sky, earth and water).[2] Mo is animistic, teaching that spirits are present in everything.[3]

Mo developed from prehistoric beliefs of the Zhuang people;[3] it also has similarities to Chinese folk religion,[4] and has developed similar doctrines to Buddhism and Taoism, in the process of competition with the influence of these religions on Zhuang culture.[5][6] The Cultural Revolution of China weakened Mo,[3] though the religion has undergone a revival since the 1980s.[7][8] Moism varies from region to region.[3]


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  1. ^ Mo Youzheng. "壮族麽教与壮族师公教的比较研究" [A Comparative Study of Zhuang Mo Religion and Zhuang Shigong Religion]. XZBU (in Chinese). 莫幼政，中央民族大学中国少数民族语言文学系博士研究生. Retrieved October 12, 2021.
  2. ^ a b Tsinghua (15 March 2005). "On the Culture of Mo Religion of Zhuangs". Archived from the original on 17 December 2013. Retrieved 8 November 2013. {{cite web}}: External link in |author= (help)
  3. ^ a b c d Li Jingfeng (2012). "Das Epos der Zhuang-Nationalität in China: Genese, Überlieferung und Religion" (PDF). Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Bonn. Retrieved 8 November 2013.
  4. ^ Mo Youzheng. 2009-01b.
  5. ^ Yang Shuzhe. 2001-04.
  6. ^ Yang Shuzhe. 2002-04.
  7. ^ He Qimin. 2011-03.
  8. ^ Qin Cong. 2011-01.