| Mohammed V محمد الخامس | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amir al-Mu'minin | |||||
.jpg) Mohammed V in 1953 | |||||
| King of Morocco | |||||
| Reign | 14 August 1957 – 26 February 1961 | ||||
| Successor | Hassan II | ||||
| Prime Ministers | |||||
| Sultan of Morocco | |||||
| Reign | 30 October 1955 – 14 August 1957 | ||||
| Predecessor | Mohammed bin 'Arafa | ||||
| Reign | 17 November 1927 – 20 August 1953 | ||||
| Predecessor | Yusef bin Hassan | ||||
| Successor | Mohammed bin 'Arafa | ||||
| Born | 10 August 1909 Fes, Sultanate of Morocco | ||||
| Died | 26 February 1961 (aged 51) Rabat, Kingdom of Morocco | ||||
| Burial | |||||
| Spouse | |||||
| Issue | |||||
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| Dynasty | Alawi | ||||
| Father | Yusef bin Hassan | ||||
| Mother | Lalla Yacout | ||||
| Religion | Sunni Islam | ||||
Mohammed al-Khamis bin Yusef bin Hassan al-Alawi,[a] better known simply Mohammed V[b] (10 August 1909 – 26 February 1961), was the last Sultan of Morocco from 1927 to 1953 and from 1955 to 1957, and first King of Morocco from 1957 to 1961. A member of the 'Alawi dynasty, he played an instrumental role in securing the independence of Morocco from the French and Spanish Protectorates.
Mohammed was enthroned as sultan upon the death of his father Yusef bin Hassan in 1927. Early in his reign, his approval of the Berber Dahir drew widespread backlash and spurred an upsurge of Moroccan nationalism and opposition to continued French rule. Initially more amenable to colonial authorities, Mohammed grew increasingly supportive of the nationalist movement later on. During World War II he supported the Allies, participated in the 1943 Anfa Conference and took steps to protect Moroccan Jews from Vichy persecution.
Mohammed became a central figure of the independence cause after the war. In 1947, he delivered a historic speech in Tangier, in which he made an open appeal for Moroccan independence and emphasized the country's ties with the rest of the Arab world. His relationship with the French became increasingly strained afterwards as colonial rule grew more repressive. In 1953, French authorities deposed Mohammed, exiled him to Corsica (later transferring him to Madagascar) and installed his first cousin once removed Mohammed Ben Aarafa as sultan. The deposition sparked active opposition to the French protectorate and two years later, faced with rising violence in Morocco, the French government allowed Mohammed's return. In 1956, he successfully negotiated with France and Spain for Moroccan independence, and in the following year he assumed the title of king. Mohammed died in 1961 at the age of 51 and was succeeded by his eldest son, who took the throne as Hassan II.
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