Monoamine neurotoxin

Oxidopamine (6-hydroxydopamine), a selective dopaminergic and noradrenergic neurotoxin.

A monoamine neurotoxin, or monoaminergic neurotoxin, is a drug that selectively damages or destroys monoaminergic neurons.[1] Monoaminergic neurons are neurons that signal via stimulation by monoamine neurotransmitters including serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine.[1]

Examples of monoamine neurotoxins include the serotonergic neurotoxins para-chloroamphetamine (PCA), methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), and 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine (5,7-DHT);[2] the dopaminergic neurotoxins oxidopamine (6-hydroxydopamine), MPTP, and methamphetamine; and the noradrenergic neurotoxins oxidopamine and DSP-4.[1]

Dopaminergic neurotoxins can induce a Parkinson's disease-like condition in animals and humans.[1][3] Serotonergic neurotoxins have been associated with cognitive and memory deficits and psychiatric changes.[4][5][6][7]

  1. ^ a b c d Kostrzewa RM (2022). "Survey of Selective Monoaminergic Neurotoxins Targeting Dopaminergic, Noradrenergic, and Serotoninergic Neurons". Handbook of Neurotoxicity. Cham: Springer International Publishing. pp. 159–198. doi:10.1007/978-3-031-15080-7_53. ISBN 978-3-031-15079-1.
  2. ^ Cite error: The named reference BaumgartenLachenmayer2004 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  3. ^ Grünblatt E, Mandel S, Youdim MB (April 2000). "MPTP and 6-hydroxydopamine-induced neurodegeneration as models for Parkinson's disease: neuroprotective strategies". J Neurol. 247 (Suppl 2): II95–102. doi:10.1007/pl00022909. PMID 10991672.
  4. ^ Parrott AC (April 2002). "Recreational Ecstasy/MDMA, the serotonin syndrome, and serotonergic neurotoxicity". Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 71 (4): 837–844. doi:10.1016/s0091-3057(01)00711-0. PMID 11888574.
  5. ^ Parrott AC (September 2013). "MDMA, serotonergic neurotoxicity, and the diverse functional deficits of recreational 'Ecstasy' users". Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 37 (8): 1466–1484. doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2013.04.016. PMID 23660456.
  6. ^ Cite error: The named reference AguilarGarcía-PardoParrott2020 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  7. ^ Montgomery C, Roberts CA (January 2022). "Neurological and cognitive alterations induced by MDMA in humans" (PDF). Exp Neurol. 347: 113888. doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2021.113888. PMID 34624331.