Monochromator

Conceptual animation of the dispersion (or breaking down) of light
Monochromator in an x-ray beamline at the Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory.

A monochromator is an optical device that transmits a mechanically selectable narrow band of wavelengths of light or other radiation chosen from a wider range of wavelengths available at the input. The name is from Greek mono- 'single' chroma 'colour' and Latin -ator 'denoting an agent'.