Mr. He's jade

Mr. He's jade
Relief tracing of Lin Xiangru with Heshibi and King of Qin on Wu Family Shrines stone-relief, from Jinshisuo (金石索).
Typebi
Materialjade
Created8th-century BCE
Present locationunknown (lost)
Mr. He's jade
Chinese和氏璧
Literal meaningHe's jade annulus
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinHéshìbì
Wade–GilesHo2-shih4-pi4
Yue: Cantonese
Yale RomanizationWòhsihbīk
JyutpingWo4si6bik1

The Heshibi, often translated as Mr. He's jade, was a sacred ceremonial bi (a jade annulus) which had an important role in Chinese history. First appearing during the mid–8th century BCE, it was cut into a ritual bi and recognized as an imperial treasure. The Heshibi became the object of contention among the Warring States, stolen from Chu circa 4th century BCE, acquired by the Zhao, and temporarily traded to Qin in 283 BCE. When the Qin dynasty was founded in 221 BCE, the Heshibi was carved into the Heirloom Seal of the Realm, symbol of the Mandate of Heaven, and subsequently transferred through successive Chinese dynasties until it was lost during the Five Dynasties era in the 10th century.

The early historicity of the stone is uncertain, though its great antiquity seems clear. The earliest mention of it is from the 3rd century BCE. The story of its finding is likely apocryphal. Whether it was turned into the Heirloom Seal of the Realm is also a matter of dispute. If it was turned into the seal, it was certainly lost by the time of the Ming dynasty. It has been used as a metaphor for a precious object since its earliest mentions.