| Muhammad Alam محمد عالم | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sultan of Brunei | |||||
| Reign | 1826–1828 | ||||
| Predecessor | Muhammad Kanzul Alam | ||||
| Successor | Omar Ali Saifuddin II | ||||
| Died | c. 1828 Pulau Chermin, Brunei-Muara, Brunei | ||||
| Burial | Pulau Chermin Royal Cemetery, Brunei-Muara, Brunei (Allegedly) | ||||
| |||||
| Father | Sultan Muhammad Kanzul Alam | ||||
| Mother | Pengiran Anak Salamah | ||||
| Religion | Sunni Islam | ||||
Muhammad Alam ibnu Muhammad Kanzul Alam (died c. 1828) was the self-proclaimed 22nd Sultan of Brunei.[1] Due to his tough and strict attitude,[2] he was given the Malay nicknames Raja Api (King of Fire) and Sultan Marak Berapi.[3] Despite being perceived as a fragile and progressively protective kingdom, Brunei managed to hold onto its lands under his rule, which stretched from Tanjong Datu in Sarawak to Kimanis in Sabah.[4]
His rise to power as the Sultan was disliked by most of the population of Brunei and ignored royal Bruneian tradition which led to the second civil war between him and his successor, Pengiran Muda Omar Ali Saifuddin.[3] Muhammad Alam may have briefly assumed the title of Sultan because he portrays Sultan Muhammad Alam, who ruled from 1826 to 1828, in the 1986 family trec.[5] When a third civil war broke out between him and Raja Noor Alam in the period between 1826 and 1828, the Bruneian royals once more had a harsh ordeal.[6]