In South Africa, the Municipal Police are the separate police forces maintained by some municipalities for law enforcement in South Africa. Municipal police forces are responsible for traffic policing and enforcing local bylaws within the municipality, and work in co-operation with the South African Police Service to prevent crime and maintain public order. Municipal police forces exist in most of the Metropolitan municipalities in South Africa, including the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality, City of Cape Town, City of Johannesburg, City of Tshwane, City of Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality, eThekwini Metropolitan Municipality, Mangaung Metropolitan Municipality and Nelson Mandela Bay Metropolitan Municipality.