Muri (Japanese term)

Muri (無理) is a Japanese word meaning "unreasonableness; impossible; beyond one's power; too difficult; by force; perforce; forcibly; compulsorily; excessiveness; immoderation",^[1] and is a key concept in the Toyota Production System (TPS) as one of the three types of waste (muda, mura, muri).^[2]

A direct example of Muri is asking workers to stay focused for a period exceeding 8 hours a day or expecting a machine to produce more than it can in a given time.

Some of the most common reasons why production systems experience overburdening:^{[citation needed]}

Unmeasured system capacity, despite assigning production expectations in set numbers
A suboptimal technical condition of used machines, or untrained staff
Poor communication across the team and manager

^ Kenkyusha's New Japanese-English Dictionary (2003), 5th edition, Tokyo: Kenkyusha, p. 2537.
^ Emiliani, Bob; Stec, David; Grasso, Lawrence; Stodder, James (2007). Better thinking, better results: case study and analysis of an enterprise-wide lean transformation (2nd ed.). Kensington, Conn: Center for Lean Business Management. ISBN 978-0-9722591-2-5.

[1] Kenkyusha's New Japanese-English Dictionary (2003), 5th edition, Tokyo: Kenkyusha, p. 2537.

[emiliani-better-thinking-2] Emiliani, Bob; Stec, David; Grasso, Lawrence; Stodder, James (2007). Better thinking, better results: case study and analysis of an enterprise-wide lean transformation (2nd ed.). Kensington, Conn: Center for Lean Business Management. ISBN 978-0-9722591-2-5.

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