Myogenin, is a transcriptional activator encoded by the MYOG gene.[5] Myogenin is a muscle-specific basic-helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor involved in the coordination of skeletal muscle development or myogenesis and repair. Myogenin is a member of the MyoD family of transcription factors, which also includes MyoD, Myf5, and MRF4.
In mice, myogenin is essential for the development of functional skeletal muscle. Myogenin is required for the proper differentiation of most myogenic precursor cells during the process of myogenesis. When the DNA coding for myogenin was knocked out of the mouse genome, severe skeletal muscle defects were observed. Mice lacking both copies of myogenin (homozygous-null) suffer from perinatal lethality due to the lack of mature secondary skeletal muscle fibers throughout the body.[6][7]
In cell culture, myogenin can induce myogenesis in a variety of non-muscle cell types.
- ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000122180 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000026459 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ "MYOG - Myogenin - Homo sapiens (Human) - MYOG gene & protein". www.uniprot.org.
- ^ Hasty P, Bradley A, Morris JH, Edmondson DG, Venuti JM, Olson EN, Klein WH (August 1993). "Muscle deficiency and neonatal death in mice with a targeted mutation in the myogenin gene". Nature. 364 (6437): 501–6. Bibcode:1993Natur.364..501H. doi:10.1038/364501a0. PMID 8393145. S2CID 4372223.
- ^ Nabeshima Y, Hanaoka K, Hayasaka M, Esumi E, Li S, Nonaka I, Nabeshima Y (August 1993). "Myogenin gene disruption results in perinatal lethality because of severe muscle defect". Nature. 364 (6437): 532–5. Bibcode:1993Natur.364..532N. doi:10.1038/364532a0. PMID 8393146. S2CID 4055548.