Myxofibrosarcoma (MFS), although a rare type of tumor, is one of the most common soft tissue sarcomas, i.e. cancerous tumors, that develop in the soft tissues of elderly individuals.[1] Initially considered to be a type of histiocytoma termed fibrous histiocytoma or myxoid variant of malignant fibrous histiocytoma,[2] Angervall et al. termed this tumor myxofibrosarcoma in 1977.[3] In 2020, the World Health Organization reclassified MFS as a separate and distinct tumor[4] in the category of malignant fibroblastic and myofibroblastic tumors.[5]
MFS tumors are often treated by surgical resection. However, these tumors have high recurrence rates at the sites of their resections.[6] Local recurrences followed by surgical resections may be repeated multiple times but during these cycles MFS tumors often progress from a lower grade to a higher more aggressive grade, metastasize, and become life-threatening.[4] An uncommon variant of the MFS tumors termed epithelioid myxofibrosarcoma is even more likely to follow an aggressive, recurrent, metastasizing, and life-threatening course than the more common form of the MFS tumors.[6]
^Martínez-Trufero J, Cruz Jurado J, Gómez-Mateo MC, Bernabeu D, Floría LJ, Lavernia J, Sebio A, García Del Muro X, Álvarez R, Correa R, Hernández-León CN, Marquina G, Hindi N, Redondo A, Martínez V, Asencio JM, Mata C, Valverde Morales CM, Martin-Broto J (September 2021). "Uncommon and peculiar soft tissue sarcomas: Multidisciplinary review and practical recommendations for diagnosis and treatment. Spanish group for Sarcoma research (GEIS - GROUP). Part I". Cancer Treatment Reviews. 99: 102259. doi:10.1016/j.ctrv.2021.102259. ISSN0305-7372. PMID34311246.
^Angervall L, Kindblom LG, Merck C (March 1977). "Myxofibrosarcoma. A study of 30 cases". Acta Pathologica et Microbiologica Scandinavica, Section A. 85A (2): 127–40. doi:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1977.tb00410.x. PMID15396.