NOD mice

Non-obese diabetic or NOD mice, like biobreeding rats, are used as an animal model for type 1 diabetes.[1] Diabetes develops in NOD mice as a result of insulitis, a leukocytic infiltrate of the pancreatic islets.[2] The onset of diabetes is associated with a moderate glycosuria and a non-fasting hyperglycemia. It is recommended to monitor for development of glycosuria from 10 weeks of age; this can be carried out using urine glucose dipsticks. NOD mice will develop spontaneous diabetes when left in a sterile environment.[3] The incidence of spontaneous diabetes in the NOD mouse is 60–80% in females and 20–30% in males. Onset of diabetes also varies between males and females: commonly, onset is delayed in males by several weeks. The mice (as well as C57BL/6 and SJL) are known to carry IgG2c allele.[4][5]

  1. ^ "Non-Obese Diabetic (NOD) Mouse BAC Library". National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. Retrieved 2006-05-15.
  2. ^ Delovitch TL, Singh B (1997). "The nonobese diabetic mouse as a model of autoimmune diabetes: immune dysregulation gets the NOD". Immunity. 7 (6): 727–38. doi:10.1016/s1074-7613(00)80392-1. PMID 9430219.
  3. ^ Eisenbarth GS (2004). "Type 1 diabetes: molecular, cellular and clinical immunology". Adv Exp Med Biol. 552: 306–10. PMID 15622970.
  4. ^ Zhang Z, Goldschmidt T, Salter H (March 2012). "Possible allelic structure of IgG2a and IgG2c in mice". Mol Immunol. 50 (3): 169–71. doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2011.11.006. PMID 22177661.
  5. ^ Fox, James; Anderson, Lynn; Otto, Glen; Corning, Kathleen; Whary, Mark (2015). Laboratory Animal Medicine (3 ed.). Amsterdam: Elsevier Inc (American College of Laboratory Animal Medicine). p. 70. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-409527-4.00003-1. ISBN 978-0-12-416613-4. OCLC 913513718. S2CID 88753861. ISBN 978-0-12-409527-4.