Nakhchivan (Azerbaijani: Naxçıvan), also transliterated as Nakhichevan (Armenian: Նախիջևան, Russian: Нахичевань) may refer to:
- Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic, an exclave of Azerbaijan
- Nakhichevan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, within the Azerbaijan SSR of the Soviet Union, 1921–1990
- Nakhchivan (city), the capital city of Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic
- Nakhchivan Eyalet, a possible eyalet of the Ottoman Empire
- Nakhichevan Khanate, in Safavid Persia, 1747–1828
- Nakhichevan District, old name of Babek District, a rayon of Azerbaijan in the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic
- Nakhchivan field, an offshore oil and gas field on the Caspian Sea, Azerbaijan
- Nakhichevan-on-Don, Armenian city in Nor Nakchivan, 1779–1928
- Nakhichevan, a Russian cargo ship that sank in the Sea of Azov in 2007