39°12′58″N 45°24′38″E / 39.21611°N 45.41056°E
Nakhichevan uezd
Нахичеванский уезд | |
|---|---|
.png) Coat of arms | |
 Location in the Erivan Governorate | |
| Country | Russian Empire |
| Viceroyalty | Caucasus |
| Governorate | Erivan |
| Established | 1840 |
| Abolished | 1929 |
| Capital | Nakhichevan (present-day Nakhchivan) |
| Area | |
• Total | 4,482.87 km2 (1,730.85 sq mi) |
| Population (1916) | |
• Total | 136,859 |
| • Density | 31/km2 (79/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 10.71% |
| • Rural | 89.29% |
The Nakhichevan uezd[a] was a county (uezd) of the Erivan Governorate of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire. It bordered the governorate's Sharur-Daralayaz uezd to the north, the Zangezur uezd of the Elizavetpol Governorate to the east, and Iran to the south. The uezd's administrative center was the city of Nakhichevan (present-day Nakhchivan).
The county was mostly mountainous and devoid of industry beyond salt plantations. Before the Russian Revolution it was home to more than 81,200 Muslims[b] who formed the majority of the population, and a significant minority of 54,200 Armenians who would later be massacred or displaced during the Armenian–Azerbaijani war of 1918–1920.
Originally formed from the Nakhichevan Khanate, the Nakhichevan uezd was part of the Armenian Oblast and later the governorate of Erivan. Shortly after the Bolshevik coup, the district fell under the control of the invading Ottoman army (and was briefly annexed by the Treaty of Batum) until the latter's withdrawal in late 1918—In the wake of the retreat, the district came under the control of local Muslims between 1919 and 1920, with brief periods of Armenian control in the middle of each year, ending with region's takeover by the 11th Army of Soviet Russia. Finally, the district was transformed into the Nakhchivan exclave of Azerbaijan and later partitioned with Armenia (forming parts of the latter's Syunik and Vayots Dzor provinces) whilst part of the Transcaucasian SFSR.
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