Nationalist Liberation Alliance Alianza Libertadora Nacionalista | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Historical leaders | José Félix Uriburu, Juan Bautista Molina, Juan Queraltó, Guillermo Patricio Kelly |
| Founded | 1931 |
| Dissolved | 1955 |
| Preceded by | Argentine Patriotic League |
| Succeeded by | Labour Party Civic Revolutionary Movement |
| Headquarters | Buenos Aires, Argentina |
| Newspaper | Combate |
| Student wing | Unión Nacionalista de Estudiantes Secundarios |
| Ideology | Ultranationalism Militarism Nacionalismo Antisemitism Fascism (1931–1955) Nazism (1936–1955) Orthodox Peronism[1] Clerical fascism Argentine irredentism |
| Political position | Far-right |
| Colours | Black |
| Slogan | "Hierarchy and order" |
| Party flag | |
 Other flags:
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| Nazism |
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The Nationalist Liberation Alliance (Spanish: Alianza Libertadora Nacionalista, ALN), originally known as the Argentine Civic Legion (Legión Cívica Argentina, LCA) from 1931 to 1937,[2] the Alliance of Nationalist Youth (Alianza de la Juventud Nacionalista, AJN) from 1937 to 1943,[3] and then using its final name from 1943 to 1955, was a Nacionalista and fascist movement.[2]
The movement was heavily influenced by fascism and later became influenced by Nazism, with its members utilizing the Roman salute, wearing fascist-style uniforms, and marching in military formation.[4] The movement's declaration of principles in 1931 attacked Marxism and democracy and declared support for the creation of a corporative state like that of Fascist Italy.[5] It cooperated with the Argentine Fascist Party, particularly in the Córdoba region of Argentina.[6] In Córdoba in 1935, the local militia allied with the Argentine Fascist Party and Argentine Nationalist Action to form the Frente de Fuerzas Fascistas de Córdoba, which was replaced by the National Fascist Union in 1936. In 1936, its leader General Juan Bautista Molina reorganized the militia to be based upon the organization of the Nazi Party.[3] General Molina wanted an Argentina based on Nazi lines, presenting himself as an Argentine Hitler, and having close relations with Nazi Germany.[3] The movement called for "hierarchy and order" in society, various xenophobic and anti-Semitic themes, and the demand for "social justice" and "revolutionary" land reform to destroy the "oligarchy" in Argentina.[7] The movement also advocated irredentism against the country's neighbors Uruguay, Paraguay, Chile, Bolivia and Brazil[citation needed].
It was violently anti-Semitic, with its journal Combate issuing a "commandment" to its members: "War against the Jew. Hatred towards the Jew. Death to the Jew."[8]
- ^ Gómez Fernández, Eva (September 27, 2018). "La Extrema Derecha del Siglo XX: Las Particularidades del Terrorismo de Tipo Estatal de Argentina, Colombia y España". Universidad de Cantabria.
- ^ a b Rodney P. Carlisle (general editor). The Encyclopedia of Politics: the Left and the Right, Volume 2: The Right. Thousand Oaks, California, USA; London, England; New Delhi, India: Sage Publications, 2005. p. 525.
- ^ a b c Robert A. Potash. The Army & Politics in Argentina: 1928-1945; Yrigoyen to Perón. Stanford, California, USA: Stanford University Press, 1969. p. 119.
- ^ Paul H. Lewis. Guerrillas and generals: the "Dirty War" in Argentina. Westport, Connecticut, USA: Praeger Publishers, 2002. p. 5.
- ^ Paul H. Lewis. The Crisis of Argentine Capitalism. University of North Carolina Press, 1990. p. 119.
- ^ Sandra McGee Deutsch. Las Derechas: The Extreme Right in Argentina, Brazil, and Chile, 1890-1939. Stanford University Press, 1999. p. 210.
- ^ David Rock. Authoritarian Argentina: The Nationalist Movement, Its History and Its Impact. Paperback edition. Berkeley and Los Angeles, California, USA: University of California Press, 1995. p. 115.
- ^ Sandra McGee Deutsch. Las Derechas: The Extreme Right in Argentina, Brazil, and Chile, 1890-1939. Stanford University Press, 1999. p. 229.