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Neoauthoritarianism (Chinese: 新权威主义; pinyin: xīn quánwēi zhǔyì), also known as Chinese Neoconservativism or New Conservatism (Chinese: 新保守主义; pinyin: xīn bǎoshǒu zhǔyì) since the 1990s,[1][2][failed verification] is a current of political thought within the People's Republic of China (PRC), and to some extent the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), that advocates a powerful centralized state to facilitate market reforms.[3] It has been described as right-wing,[4][5][6] classically conservative even though it incorporated some aspects of Marxist-Leninist and Maoist theories.[7]
Gaining credence in China's intellectual world,[8] the concept of liberal democracy led to intense debate between democratic advocates and neoauthoritarians[1] prior to the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre.[9] It is discussed as an alternative to the implementation of liberal democracy, similar to the strengthened leadership of Soviet general secretary Leonid Brezhnev and the early years of Mikhail Gorbachev.[7]
Its origin was based in reworked ideas of Samuel Huntington, advising the post-Communist East European elite take a gradualist approach towards market liberalization; hence, "new authoritarianism". A rejection of the optimistic views on modernization theories,[10] it seeks faster reform of the socialist market economy[11] while the party remain ideologically and organizationally sound.[10] In early March 1989, Zhao Ziyang presented Wu Jiaxiang's idea of neoauthoritarianism to Deng Xiaoping, who compared it to his own ideology.[12]
- ^ a b Zheng, Yongnian (Summer 1994). "Development and Democracy: Are They Compatible in China?". Political Science Quarterly. 109 (2): 235–259. doi:10.2307/2152624. JSTOR 2152624.
- ^ Peter Moody (2007), p. 151. Conservative Thought in Contemporary China. https://books.google.com/books?id=PpRcDMl2Pu4C&pg=PA151
- Chris Bramall (2008), p. 328-239, 474-475. Chinese Economic Development. https://books.google.com/books?id=A9Rr-M8MXAEC&pg=PA475
- https://www.thechinastory.org/key-intellectual/rong-jian-%E8%8D%A3%E5%89%91/
- ^ Bramall, Chris (October 8, 2008). Chinese Economic Development. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-134-19051-5.
- ^ Yuezhi Zhao (March 20, 2008). Communication in China: Political Economy, Power, and Conflict. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. p. 170. ISBN 978-0-7425-7428-1.
As such, it is also consistent with the right-wing ideology of neo-authoritarianism, limiting itself to championing China's national self-interests in a neoliberal global order.
- ^ Christer Pursiainen (September 10, 2012). At the Crossroads of Post-Communist Modernisation: Russia and China in Comparative Perspective. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 156.
Consequently, the CCP's transformation into a right-wing elitist party occurred during the 1990s under Jiang Zeming's reign.
- ^ Economic and Political Weekly: Volume 41. Sameeksha Trust. June 2006. p. 2212.
- ^ a b Sautman, Barry (1992). "Sirens of the Strongman: Neo-Authoritarianism in Recent Chinese Political Theory". The China Quarterly. 129 (129): 72–102. doi:10.1017/S0305741000041230. ISSN 0305-7410. JSTOR 654598. S2CID 154374469.
- ^ "Rong Jian 荣剑 | The China Story". www.thechinastory.org. Archived from the original on September 27, 2013.
- ^ Li, H. (April 7, 2015). Political Thought and China's Transformation: Ideas Shaping Reform in Post-Mao China. Springer. ISBN 978-1-137-42781-6.
- ^ a b Moody, Peter R. (2007). Conservative Thought in Contemporary China. Lexington Books. ISBN 978-0-7391-2046-0.
- ^ https://www.thechitnastory.org/key-intellectual/rong-jian-%E8%8D%A3%E5%89%91/ [dead link]
- ^ "Rong Jian 荣剑 | The China Story". www.thechinastory.org. Archived from the original on September 27, 2013.