Nevada

Nevada
State
Flag Seal
Nickname(s):  The Silver State (official); The Sagebrush State; The Battle Born State
Motto:  All for Our Country
Anthem: "Home Means Nevada"
Map of the United States with Nevada highlighted
Country	United States
Before statehood	Nevada Territory, Utah Territory, Arizona Territory
Admitted to the Union	October 31, 1864 (36th)
Capital	Carson City
Largest city	Las Vegas
Largest county or equivalent	Clark
Largest metro and urban areas	Las Vegas Valley
Government
• Governor	Joe Lombardo (R)
• Lieutenant governor	Stavros Anthony (R)
Legislature	Nevada Legislature
• Upper house	Senate
• Lower house	Assembly
Judiciary	Supreme Court of Nevada
U.S. senators	Catherine Cortez Masto (D) Jacky Rosen (D)
U.S. House delegation	3 Democrats 1 Republican (list)
Area
• Total	110,577 sq mi (286,382 km2)
• Land	109,781.18 sq mi (284,332 km2)
• Water	791 sq mi (2,048 km2)  0.72%
• Rank	7th
Dimensions
• Length	492 mi (787 km)
• Width	322 mi (519 km)
Elevation	5,500 ft (1,680 m)
Highest elevation (Boundary Peak[1][2][a][b])	13,147 ft (4,007.1 m)
Lowest elevation (Colorado River at California border[2][a])	481 ft (147 m)
Population  (2020)
• Total	3,104,614
• Rank	32nd
• Density	26.8/sq mi (10.3/km2)
• Rank	42nd
• Median household income	$60,365[3]
• Income rank	24th
Demonym	Nevadan
Language
• Official language	None
Time zones
most of state	UTC−08:00 (Pacific)
• Summer (DST)	UTC−07:00 (PDT)
West Wendover	UTC−07:00 (Mountain)
• Summer (DST)	UTC−06:00 (MDT)
USPS abbreviation	NV
ISO 3166 code	US-NV
Traditional abbreviation	Nev.
Latitude	35° N to 42° N
Longitude	114° 2′ W to 120° W
Website	nv.gov

State symbols of Nevada

List of state symbols
Song	Home Means Nevada
Living insignia
Bird	Mountain bluebird (Sialia currucoides)
Fish	Lahontan cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii henshawi)
Flower	Sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata)
Grass	Indian Rice Grass
Insect	Vivid Dancer Damselfly (Argia vivida)
Mammal	Desert bighorn sheep
Reptile	Desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii)
Tree	Bristlecone pine, Single-leaf Piñon (Pinus monophylla)
Inanimate insignia
Color(s)	Silver, Blue
Fossil	Ichthyosaur (Shonisaurus popularis)
Gemstone	Virgin Valley Black Fire Opal
Mineral	Silver
Rock	Sandstone
Soil	Orovada series
Other	Element: Neon
State route marker
State quarter
Released in 2006
Lists of United States state symbols

Nevada (/nəˈvædə, -vɑː-/ ^ⓘ nə-VAD-ə, -⁠VAH-,^[4][5] Spanish: [neˈβaða]) is a landlocked state in the Western region of the United States.^[c] It borders Oregon to the northwest, Idaho to the northeast, California to the west, Arizona to the southeast, and Utah to the east. Nevada is the seventh-most extensive, the 32nd-most populous, and the ninth-least densely populated U.S. state. Nearly three-quarters of Nevada's population live in Clark County, which contains the Las Vegas–Paradise metropolitan area,^[6] including three of the state's four largest incorporated cities.^[7] Nevada's capital is Carson City. Las Vegas is the largest city in the state.

Nevada is officially known as the "Silver State" because of the importance of silver to its history and economy. It is also known as the "Battle Born State" because it campaigned during its relatively brief territorial status as the Nevada Territory (1861–1864), then quickly achieved statehood during the American Civil War (1861–1865), (the words "Battle Born" also appear on its state flag); due to the 16th presidency of Abraham Lincoln (1809–1865, served 1861–1865). The federal Union benefited immensely economically translated into military necessity from the support of newly awarded statehood as the 36th state by the massive infusion of the monetary support it provided of nearly $400 million dollars in rich underground geological layers of veins of silver ore generated at the time by the 1859 discovery of the legendary Comstock Lode, mined beneath and around Virginia City up to about 1874 /1920s).^[8] It is also known as the "Sagebrush State", for the native plant of the same name; and as the "Sage-hen State".^[9] The state's name means "snowy" in the Spanish language, referring to Nevada's small overlap with the Sierra Nevada mountain range on its western edge; however, the rest of Nevada is largely desert and semi-arid, much of it within the central Great Basin region. Areas south of the Great Basin are within the Mojave Desert shared with Southern California, while the high altitude of Lake Tahoe and the Sierra Nevada lie on the western edge. In 2020, 80.1% of the state's land was managed by various jurisdictions of the U.S. federal government, both civilian and military.^[10]

Native Americans of mostly the Paiute, Shoshone, and Washoe tribes inhabited what is now Nevada. The first Europeans to explore the region were tho Spanish and explorers from their worldwide Spanish Empire in the 16th century. They called the region Nevada (snowy) because of the snow which covered the mountains in winter, similar to the Sierra Nevada mountains in European Spain. The area formed from mostly Alta California (Upper California) to the west and to the east as part of Nuevo México (New Mexico)'s colonial province and territory to the northern portion within the larger colonial era Viceroyalty of New Spain, which gained freedom as the first independent government of the First Mexican Empire (Mexico) in 1821.

The westward expanding United States a quarter-century later annexed the area of the Mexican Cession in 1849 after its victory in the Mexican–American War (1846–1848), and it was incorporated into the U.S. as part of the newly-organized larger federal New Mexico Territory (1850–1863 split with Arizona Territory, then statehood 1912) in the southern portion.

To the north of the newly acquired Mexican / Spanish lands was the similarly larger Utah Territory (1850–1896) along with the far-western new 31st state of California on the Pacific Ocean coast also in 1850. The discovery of mineral wealth at the Comstock Lode silver bonanza in 1859 led to a population boom similar to that of earlier California Gold Rush in 1848–1852, that became an impetus to the creation of the Nevada Territory out of the western portion of the Utah Territory in 1861.

Nevada became the 36th state on October 31, 1864, as the second of two states added to the Union during the Civil War (the first being West Virginia).^[11]

Nevada is known for its libertarian laws. In 1940, with a population of just over 110,000 people, Nevada was by far the least-populated state, with less than half the population of the next least-populous state, Wyoming.^[12] However, legalized gambling and lenient marriage and divorce laws transformed Nevada into a major tourist destination in the 20th century.^[13][14] Nevada is the only U.S. state where prostitution is legal, though it is illegal in its most populated regions – Clark County (Las Vegas), Washoe County (Reno) and Carson City (which, as an independent city, is not within the boundaries of any county). The tourism industry remains Nevada's largest employer,^[15] with mining continuing as a substantial sector of the economy: Nevada is the fourth-largest producer of gold in the world.^[16] Nevada is the driest state, and has been influenced by climate change, droughts in Nevada have been increasing in frequency and severity,^[17] putting a further strain on Nevada's water security.

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