Newcastle upon Tyne

For other places with the same name, see Newcastle.

Newcastle upon Tyne
City and metropolitan borough
The Quayside, with the Tyne Bridge to the left and the Millennium Bridge to the centre right
Coat of arms of Newcastle upon Tyne
Coat of arms
Nickname: 
The Toon
Motto(s): 
Latin: Fortiter Defendit Triumphans, lit. 'Triumphing by Brave Defence'
Newcastle shown within Tyne and Wear
Newcastle shown within Tyne and Wear
Coordinates: 54°58′41″N 1°36′37″W / 54.9780°N 1.6102°W / 54.9780; -1.6102
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
CountryEngland
RegionNorth East
Ceremonial countyTyne and Wear
City regionNorth East
Founded2nd century AD
City status1882
Metropolitan borough1 April 1974
Administrative HQNewcastle Civic Centre
Government
[1]
 • TypeMetropolitan borough
 • BodyNewcastle City Council
 • ExecutiveLeader and cabinet
 • ControlLabour
 • LeaderNick Kemp (L)
 • Lord MayorVeronica Dunn
 • MPs
3 MPs
Area
[2]
 • Total
44 sq mi (115 km2)
 • Land44 sq mi (113 km2)
 • Rank182nd
Population
 (2022)[3]
 • Total
307,565
 • Rank46th
 • Density7,020/sq mi (2,711/km2)
Demonyms
Ethnicity (2021)
[4]
 • Ethnic groups
List
Religion (2021)
[4]
 • Religion
List
Time zoneUTC+0 (GMT)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+1 (BST)
Postcode area
  • NE1–7
  • NE12–20
  • NE27–29
  • NE82–99
Dialling code0191
ISO 3166 codeGB-NET
GSS codeE08000021
Websitenewcastle.gov.uk

Newcastle upon Tyne, or simply Newcastle (/njuːˈkæsəl/ ⓘ new-KASS-əl, RP: /ˈnjuːkɑːsəl/ ⓘ NEW-kah-səl),[5] is a city and metropolitan borough in Tyne and Wear, England. It is England's northernmost metropolitan borough, located on the River Tyne's northern bank opposite Gateshead to the south. It is the most populous settlement in the Tyneside conurbation and North East England.[6]

Newcastle developed around a Roman settlement called Pons Aelius.[7] The settlement became known as Monkchester before taking on the name of a castle built in 1080 by William the Conqueror's eldest son, Robert Curthose. It was one of the world's largest ship building and repair centres during the Industrial Revolution.[8] Newcastle was historically part of the county of Northumberland, but governed as a county corporate after 1400.[9][10][11][12] In 1974, Newcastle became part of Tyne and Wear. The local authority is Newcastle City Council, which is a constituent member of the North East Mayoral Combined Authority.

  1. ^ "How we run the city". Newcastle City Council. Retrieved 16 January 2024.
  2. ^ "Mid-Year Population Estimates, UK, June 2022". Office for National Statistics. 26 March 2024. Retrieved 3 May 2024.
  3. ^ "Mid-Year Population Estimates, UK, June 2022". Office for National Statistics. 26 March 2024. Retrieved 3 May 2024.
  4. ^ a b UK Census (2021). "2021 Census Area Profile – Newcastle upon Tyne Local Authority (E08000021)". Nomis. Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 13 July 2024.
  5. ^ Wells, John C. (2008). Longman Pronunciation Dictionary (3rd ed.). Longman. p. 539. ISBN 9781405881180.
  6. ^ "Figure 1: Explore population characteristics of individual BUAs". Retrieved 7 August 2021.
  7. ^ George Patrick Welch (1963). Britannia, the Roman Conquest and Occupation of Britain. Wesleyan University Press. pp. 165, 167, 277. ISBN 978-0-598-26430-5.
  8. ^ "Shipbuilding in North East England". England's North East. Retrieved 26 June 2020.
  9. ^ Cite error: The named reference self57567 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  10. ^ Cite error: The named reference sepNewc was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  11. ^ Cite error: The named reference archivesMuseumSeparatedFromNorthumberland was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  12. ^ Cite error: The named reference countyOfItself_Separated_1400 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).