 | This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations. (December 2014) |
| Nian Rebellion | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Map of Nian Rebellion | |||||||
| |||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||
 Qing dynastySupported by:  United Kingdom  France  United States |
Nian militias Co-belligerents:Taiping Heavenly Kingdom[4] White Lotus rebels[5] | ||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
|
Zeng Guofan Li Hongzhang Zuo Zongtang Sengge Rinchen † |
Zhang Lexing † Su Sanniang Lai Wenguang Zhang Zongyu Ren Zhu Sun Kuixin Miao Peilin Fan Ruzeng Niu Hongsheng | ||||||
| Strength | |||||||
| ~500,000 | ~200,000[6] | ||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||
| 100,000+ killed[6] | |||||||
The Nian Rebellion (Chinese: 捻亂; pinyin: Niǎn Luàn)[7] was an insurrection against the Qing dynasty in northern China from 1851 to 1868, contemporaneously with the Taiping Rebellion (1850–1864) in southern China. The rebellion was suppressed, but the population and economic losses contributed to the collapse of the empire in the early 20th century.
- ^ Perry (1980), pp. 128–130, 140–145.
- ^ Perry (1980), p. 121.
- ^ Perry (1980), pp. 145, 146.
- ^ Perry (1980), pp. 120, 121.
- ^ Perry (1980), p. 150.
- ^ a b Jowett (2013), p. 11.
- ^ 陳華. 捻亂之研究 (in Chinese (Taiwan)). 國立臺灣大學出版中心. p. 8. OCLC 19479110.