Nickel tetracarbonyl

Nickel tetracarbonyl
Nickel carbonyl
Nickel carbonyl
Nickel carbonyl
Nickel carbonyl
Nickel carbonyl
Names
IUPAC name
Tetracarbonylnickel
Other names
Nickel tetracarbonyl
Nickel carbonyl (1:4) Liquid Death
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
6122797
ChEBI
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.033.322 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 236-669-2
3135
RTECS number
  • QR6300000
UNII
UN number 1259
  • InChI=1S/4CO.Ni/c4*1-2; checkY
    Key: AWDHUGLHGCVIEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
  • InChI=1/4CO.Ni/c4*1-2;/rC4NiO4/c6-1-5(2-7,3-8)4-9
    Key: AWDHUGLHGCVIEG-ARWXMKMZAJ
  • [O+]#C[Ni-4](C#[O+])(C#[O+])C#[O+]
Properties
Ni(CO)4
Molar mass 170.73 g/mol
Appearance colorless liquid[1]
Odor musty,[1] like brick dust
Density 1.319 g/cm3
Melting point −17.2 °C (1.0 °F; 256.0 K)
Boiling point 43 °C (109 °F; 316 K)
0.018 g/100 mL (10 °C)
Solubility miscible in most organic solvents
soluble in nitric acid, aqua regia
Vapor pressure 315 mmHg (20 °C)[1]
Viscosity 3.05 x 10−4 Pa s
Structure
Tetrahedral
Tetrahedral
zero
Thermochemistry
320 J K−1 mol−1
−632 kJ/mol
−1180 kJ/mol
Hazards
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards
Potential occupational carcinogen[2]
GHS labelling:
Acutely toxic Health hazard Flammable Dangerous for the environment
H225, H300, H301, H304, H310, H330, H351, H360D, H410
P201, P202, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P271, P273, P280, P281, P284, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P308+P313, P310, P320, P370+P378, P391, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondHealth 4: Very short exposure could cause death or major residual injury. E.g. VX gasFlammability 3: Liquids and solids that can be ignited under almost all ambient temperature conditions. Flash point between 23 and 38 °C (73 and 100 °F). E.g. gasolineInstability 3: Capable of detonation or explosive decomposition but requires a strong initiating source, must be heated under confinement before initiation, reacts explosively with water, or will detonate if severely shocked. E.g. hydrogen peroxideSpecial hazards (white): no code
4
3
3
Flash point 4 °C (39 °F; 277 K)
60 °C (140 °F; 333 K)
Explosive limits 2–34%
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
266 ppm (cat, 30 min)
35 ppm (rabbit, 30 min)
94 ppm (mouse, 30 min)
10 ppm (mouse, 10 min)[3]
360 ppm (dog, 90 min)
30 ppm (human, 30 min)
42 ppm (rabbit, 30 min)
7 ppm (mouse, 30 min)[3]
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)
TWA 0.001 ppm (0.007 mg/m3)[1]
REL (Recommended)
TWA 0.001 ppm (0.007 mg/m3)[1]
IDLH (Immediate danger)
Ca [2 ppm][1]
Safety data sheet (SDS) ICSC 0064
Related compounds
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
checkY verify (what is checkY☒N ?)

Nickel carbonyl (IUPAC name: tetracarbonylnickel) is a nickel(0) organometallic compound with the formula Ni(CO)4. This colorless liquid is the principal carbonyl of nickel. It is an intermediate in the Mond process for producing very high-purity nickel and a reagent in organometallic chemistry, although the Mond Process has fallen out of common usage due to the health hazards in working with the compound. Nickel carbonyl is one of the most dangerous substances yet encountered in nickel chemistry due to its very high toxicity, compounded with high volatility and rapid skin absorption.[4]

  1. ^ a b c d e f NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0444". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
  2. ^ Nickel tetracarbonyl, carcinogenicity
  3. ^ a b "Nickel carbonyl". Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH). National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
  4. ^ The Merck Index (7th ed.). Merck.