Night of January 16th

Night of January 16th
Flyer with a black and white image of Doris Nolan in front of a large daily calendar. The calendar shows "The Night of January 16" with "January 16" in red. At the bottom of the flyer is the text "greatest dramatic novelty in years" in all caps.
Flyer for the Broadway production (Doris Nolan pictured)
Written byAyn Rand
Characters
  • Karen Andre
  • Mr. Stevens
  • Mr. Flint
  • Larry "Guts" Regan
  • more...
Date premieredOctober 22, 1934 (1934-10-22) (as Woman on Trial)
Place premieredHollywood Playhouse
Original languageEnglish
GenreCourtroom drama
SettingA courtroom in New York City

Night of January 16th (sometimes advertised as The Night of January 16th) is a theatrical play by Russian-American author Ayn Rand, inspired by the death of the "Match King", Ivar Kreuger. Set in a courtroom during a murder trial, an unusual feature of the play is that members of the audience are chosen to play the jury. The court hears the case of Karen Andre, a former secretary and lover of businessman Bjorn Faulkner, of whose murder she is accused. The play does not directly portray the events leading to Faulkner's death; instead the jury must rely on character testimony to decide whether Andre is guilty. The play's ending depends on the verdict. Rand's intention was to dramatize a conflict between individualism and conformity, with the jury's verdict revealing which viewpoint they preferred.

The play was first produced in 1934 in Los Angeles under the title Woman on Trial; it received positive reviews and enjoyed moderate commercial success. Producer Al Woods took it to Broadway during the 1935–36 season and re-titled it Night of January 16th. It drew attention for its innovative audience-member jury and became a hit, running for seven months. Doris Nolan, in her Broadway debut, received positive reviews for her portrayal of the lead role. Several regional productions followed. An off-Broadway revival in 1973, under the title Penthouse Legend, was a commercial and critical failure. A film based on the play was released in 1941; the story has also been adapted for television and radio.

Rand had many heated disputes with Woods over script changes he wanted for the Broadway production. Their disputes climaxed in an arbitration hearing when Rand discovered Woods had diverted a portion of her royalties to pay for a script doctor. Rand disliked the changes made for the Broadway production and the version published for amateur productions, so in 1968 she re-edited the script for publication as the "definitive" version.