 1st edition, 1874 | |
| Author | Victor Hugo |
|---|---|
| Original title | Quatrevingt-treize |
| Translator | E. B. d'Espinville Picot |
| Illustrator | Émile Bayard |
| Language | French |
Publication date | 1874 |
| Publication place | France |
Ninety-Three (Quatrevingt-treize)[1] is the last novel by the French writer Victor Hugo. Published in 1874, three years after the bloody upheaval of the Paris Commune that resulted out of popular reaction to Napoleon III's failure to win the Franco-Prussian War, the novel concerns the Revolt in the Vendée and Chouannerie – the counter-revolutionary uprisings in 1793 during the French Revolution. It is divided into three parts, but not chronologically; each part tells a different story, offering a different view of historical general events. The action mainly takes place in Brittany and in Paris.
- ^ The spelling of 93 in standard French is "quatre-vingt-treize", but the title is spelled Quatrevingt-treize, as per the author's explicit request. See
author's notes.
