| Nitrobacter | |
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| TEM image of Nitrobacter winogradskyi strain Nb-255 | |
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| Genus: | Nitrobacter Winogradsky 1892
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| Type species | |
| Nitrobacter winogradskyi | |
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Nitrobacter is a genus comprising rod-shaped, gram-negative, and chemoautotrophic bacteria.[1] The name Nitrobacter derives from the Latin neuter gender noun nitrum, nitri, alkalis; the Ancient Greek noun βακτηρία, βακτηρίᾱς, rod. They are non-motile and reproduce via budding or binary fission.[2][3] Nitrobacter cells are obligate aerobes and have a doubling time of about 13 hours.[1]
Nitrobacter play an important role in the nitrogen cycle by oxidizing nitrite into nitrate in soil and marine systems.[2] Unlike plants, where electron transfer in photosynthesis provides the energy for carbon fixation, Nitrobacter uses energy from the oxidation of nitrite ions, NO2−, into nitrate ions, NO3−, to fulfill their energy needs. Nitrobacter fix carbon dioxide via the Calvin cycle for their carbon requirements.[1] Nitrobacter belongs to the Alphaproteobacteria class of the Pseudomonadota.[3][4]
- ^ a b c "Nitrifying Bacteria Facts".
- ^ a b Spleck, Eva; Bock, Eberhard (2004). Bergey's Manual ® of Systematic Bacteriology Volume Two: The Proteobacteria, Part A Introductory Essays. Springer. pp. 149–153. ISBN 978-0-387-241-43-2.
- ^ a b Grundmann, GL; Neyra, M; Normand, P (2000). "High-resolution phylogenetic analysis of NO2--oxidizing Nitrobacter species using the rrs-rrl IGS sequence and rrl genes". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 50 (Pt 5): 1893–8. doi:10.1099/00207713-50-5-1893. PMID 11034501.
- ^ Grunditz, C; Dalhammar, G (2001). "Development of nitrification inhibition assays using pure cultures of Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter". Water Research. 35 (2): 433–40. doi:10.1016/S0043-1354(00)00312-2. PMID 11228996.