Nizhny Novgorod
Нижний Новгород | |
|---|---|
      Top-down, left-to-right: Dmitrievskaya Tower of the Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin and Minin and Pozharsky Square, Alexander Nevsky Cathedral and Nizhny Novgorod Stadium, Minin and Pozharsky Monument, GAZ, Chkalov Stairs, Nizhny Novgorod Fair. | |
 Flag | |
Location of Nizhny Novgorod  | |
  Nizhny Novgorod Location of Nizhny Novgorod .svg) Nizhny Novgorod Nizhny Novgorod (Nizhny Novgorod Oblast) .svg) Nizhny Novgorod Nizhny Novgorod (European Russia)  Nizhny Novgorod Nizhny Novgorod (Europe) | |
| Coordinates: 56°19′37″N 44°00′27″E / 56.32694°N 44.00750°E | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Nizhny Novgorod Oblast[1] |
| Founded | 1221[2] |
| City status since | 1221[2] |
| Government | |
| • Body | City Duma[3] |
| • Mayor[5] | Yury Shalabaev[4] |
| Area | |
• Total | 514.56 km2 (198.67 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 200 m (700 ft) |
| Population | |
• Total | 1,250,619 |
• Estimate (2018)[8] | 1,259,013 (+0.7%) |
| • Rank | 5th in 2010 |
| • Density | 2,400/km2 (6,300/sq mi) |
| Demonym | Nizhegorodian |
| • Subordinated to | city of oblast significance of Nizhny Novgorod[1] |
| • Capital of | Volga Federal District |
| • Capital of | Nizhny Novgorod Oblast,[1] city of oblast significance of Nizhny Novgorod[1] |
| • Urban okrug | Nizhny Novgorod Urban Okrug[9] |
| • Capital of | Nizhny Novgorod Urban Okrug[9] |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (MSK  [10]) |
| Postal code(s)[11] | 603000-603999 |
| Dialing code(s) | +7 831[12] |
| OKTMO ID | 22701000001 |
| City Day | 3rd Saturday of August[13] |
| Website | admgor |
 | |
Nizhny Novgorod (/ˌnɪʒni ˈnɒvɡərɒd/ NIZH-nee NOV-gə-rod;[14] Russian: Нижний Новгород, IPA: [ˈnʲiʐnʲɪj ˈnovɡərət] , lit. 'Lower Newtown'; colloquially shortened to Nizhny)[a] is the administrative centre of Nizhny Novgorod Oblast and the Volga Federal District in Russia. The city is located at the confluence of the Oka and the Volga rivers in Central Russia, with a population of over 1.2 million residents,[15] up to roughly 1.7 million residents in the urban agglomeration.[16] Nizhny Novgorod is the sixth-largest city in Russia, the second-most populous city on the Volga, as well as the Volga Federal District. It is an important economic, transportation, scientific, educational and cultural centre in Russia and the vast Volga-Vyatka economic region, and the main centre of river tourism in Russia. In the historic part of the city there are many universities, theatres, museums and churches.
The city was founded on 4 February 1221[17] by Prince George II of Vladimir. In 1612, Kuzma Minin and Prince Dmitry Pozharsky organized an army for the liberation of Moscow and all Russia from the Poles and Lithuanians. In 1817, Nizhny Novgorod became a great trade centre of the Russian Empire. In 1896, at a fair, an All-Russia Exhibition was organized. During the Soviet period, the city turned into an important industrial centre, and was known as Gorky. In particular, the Gorky Automobile Plant was constructed in this period. Around this time, the city was given the nickname "Russian Detroit". Shortly before the dissolution of the Soviet Union the city was renamed Nizhny Novgorod once again. In 1985, the Nizhny Novgorod Metro was opened. In 2016, Vladimir Putin opened the new 70th Anniversary of Victory Plant, which is part of the Almaz-Antey Air and Space Defence Corporation.
The Kremlin – the historic centre of the city – contains the main government agencies of the city and the Volga Federal District. The demonym for a Nizhny Novgorod resident is “нижегородец” (nizhegorodets) for male or “нижегородка” (nizhegorodka) for female, rendered in English as Nizhegorodian. Novgorodian is improper; it refers to a resident of Veliky Novgorod. Nizhny Novgorod was one of the host cities of the 2018 FIFA World Cup.
- ^ a b c d e Cite error: The named reference
Ref818was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ a b "Founding of Nizhny Novgorod". nizhnynovgorod.com. Archived from the original on 15 August 2016. Retrieved 15 August 2016.
- ^ Charter of Nizhny Novgorod, Article 26.1.1
- ^ "Дума Нижнего Новгорода выбрала Юрия Шалабаева главой города" [The Duma of Nizhny Novgorod has chosen Yuri Shalabayev as the head of the city]. stnmedia.ru (in Russian). Archived from the original on 1 November 2020. Retrieved 28 October 2020.
- ^ Charter of Nizhny Novgorod, Article 26.1.2
- ^ Official website of Nizhny Novgorod. Overview of the city Archived April 30, 2009, at the Wayback Machine (in Russian)
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
2010Censuswas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ "26. Численность постоянного населения Российской Федерации по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2018 года". Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved 23 January 2019.
- ^ a b Cite error: The named reference
Ref825was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). 3 June 2011. Retrieved 19 January 2019.
- ^ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
- ^ "Contacts". adm.nnov.ru. Archived from the original on 26 August 2016. Retrieved 15 August 2016.
- ^ "Вновь окончательно. День города в Нижнем Новгороде перенесли на август — Новости NN.RU" [Again, finally. City Day in Nizhny Novgorod postponed to August - News NN.RU]. www.nn.ru (in Russian). 22 May 2019. Archived from the original on 5 August 2020. Retrieved 22 May 2019.
- ^ Wells, John C. (2008). Longman Pronunciation Dictionary (3rd ed.). Longman. ISBN 978-1-4058-8118-0.
- ^ "RUSSIA: Privolžskij Federal'nyj Okrug: Volga Federal District". City Population.de. 4 August 2020. Archived from the original on 6 November 2021. Retrieved 2 October 2020.
- ^ Citypopulation.de Archived June 12, 2018, at the Wayback Machine Population of the major agglomerations of the world
- ^ Vladimir Kuchin (2018). Десять веков Нижегородского края. 1152—2018 [Ten centuries of the Nizhny Novgorod region. 1152 - 2018]. Vol. 3. Издательские решения ('Publishing Solutions'). ISBN 978-5-4490-6270-3.
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