Northwestern Confederacy

Northwestern Confederacy
Native nations of the Northwest Territory
Also known as	United Indian Nations
Founding leader	Joseph Brant
Leaders	Blue Jacket Little Turtle others
Dates of operation	1783–1795
Group(s)	Cherokee Iroquois Lenape (Delaware) Miami Odawa Ojibwa Potawatomi Shawnee Wabash Confederacy Wyandot
Battles and wars	Northwest Indian War
Preceded by Pontiac's War coalition Succeeded by Tecumseh's confederacy

The Northwestern Confederacy, or Northwestern Indian Confederacy, was a loose confederacy of Native Americans in the Great Lakes region of the United States created after the American Revolutionary War. Formally, the confederacy referred to itself as the United Indian Nations, at their Confederate Council.^[1] It was known infrequently as the Miami Confederacy since many contemporaneous federal officials overestimated the influence and numerical strength of the Miami tribes based on the size of their principal city, Kekionga.

The confederacy, which had its roots in pan-tribal movements dating to the 1740s, formed in an attempt to resist the expansion of the United States and the encroachment of American settlers into the Northwest Territory after Great Britain ceded the region to the U.S. in the 1783 Treaty of Paris. American expansion resulted in the Northwest Indian War (1785–1795), in which the Confederacy won significant victories over the United States, but concluded with a U.S. victory at the Battle of Fallen Timbers. The Confederacy became fractured and agreed to peace with the United States, but the pan-tribal resistance was later rekindled by Tenskwatawa (known as the Prophet) and his brother, Tecumseh, resulting in the formation of Tecumseh's confederacy.