Numbered musical notation

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The numbered musical notation (simplified Chinese: 简谱; traditional Chinese: 簡譜; pinyin: jiǎnpǔ; lit. 'simplified notation', not to be confused with the integer notation) is a cipher notation system used in Mainland China, Taiwan, Hong Kong, and to some extent in Japan, Indonesia (in a slightly different format called "not angka"), Malaysia, Australia, Ireland, the United Kingdom,^{[citation needed]} the United States and English-speaking Canada. It dates back to the system designed by Pierre Galin, known as Galin-Paris-Chevé system. It is also known as Ziffernsystem, meaning "number system" or "cipher system" in German.