Olea europaea subsp. cuspidata

Olea europaea subsp. cuspidata
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Asterids
Order:	Lamiales
Family:	Oleaceae
Genus:	Olea
Species:	O. europaea
Subspecies:	O. e. subsp. cuspidata
Trinomial name
Olea europaea subsp. cuspidata (Wall. & G.Don) Cif.[1]
Synonyms[1][2]
List Linociera lebrunii Staner in Rev. Zool. Bot. Africaines 22: 244 (1932) Olea africana Mill. in Gard. Dict., ed. 8.: n.° 4 (1768) Olea asiatica Desf. in Tabl. École Bot., ed. 3: 88 (1829), nom. nud. Olea aucheri A.Chev. ex Ehrend. in Anz. Österr. Akad. Wiss., Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 97: 156 (1960) Olea chrysophylla Lam. in Tabl. Encycl. 1: 29 (1791) Olea chrysophylla var. aucheri A.Chev. in Rev. Intern. Bot. Appl. Paris 28(303-304): 18 (1948) Olea chrysophylla var. cuspidata (Wall. ex G.Don) A.Chev. in Rev. Bot. Appl. Agric. Trop. 28: 18 (1948) Olea chrysophylla var. ferruginea (Royle) A.Chev. in Rev. Bot. Appl. Agric. Trop. 28: 18 (1948) Olea chrysophylla var. nubica (Schweinf. ex Baker) A.Chev. in Rev. Bot. Appl. Agric. Trop. 28: 18 (1948) Olea chrysophylla var. somaliensis (Baker) A.Chev. in Rev. Bot. Appl. Agric. Trop. 28: 18 (1948) Olea chrysophylla var. subnuda R.E.Fr. in Wiss. Erg. Schwed. Rhodesia-Kongo-Exp. 1911-1912, 1: 258 (1916) Olea chrysophylla var. verrucosa (Willd.) A.Chev. in Rev. Bot. Appl. Agric. Trop. 28: 19 (1948) Olea cuspidata Wall. ex G.Don in Gen. Hist. 4: 49 (1837) Olea europaea f. dulcis Collen. in Bot. Mag. (Kew Mag.) 5: 38 (1988), nom. illeg. Olea europaea subsp. africana (Mill.) P.S.Green in Kew Bull. 34: 69 (1979) Olea europaea var. cuspidata (Wall. ex G.Don) Cif. in Olivicoltore 19(5): 96 (1942) Olea europaea var. ferruginea (Royle) Cif. in Oleaia 3-4: 3 (1950), nom. illeg. Olea europaea var. nubica Schweinf. ex Baker in D.Oliver & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Trop. Afr. 4(1): 18 (1902) Olea europaea var. verrucosa Willd. in Sp. Pl., ed. 4. 1: 44 (1797) Olea ferruginea Royle in Ill. Bot. Himal. Mts.: 267 (1835), nom. illeg. Olea indica Kleinhof ex Burm.f. in Fl. Indica: 6 (1768) Olea kilimandscharica Knobl. in Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 12: 200 (1934) Olea monticola Gand. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 65: 58 (1918) Olea sativa var. verrucosa (Willd.) Roem. & Schult. in Syst. Pl. 1: 69 (1817) Olea schimperi Gand. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 65: 58 (1918) Olea similis Burch. in Trav. S. Africa 1: 177 (1822), nom. superfl. Olea somaliensis Baker in D.Oliver & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Trop. Afr. 4(1): 18 (1902) Olea subtrinervata Chiov. in Atti Reale Accad. Italia, Mem. Cl. Sci. Fis. 11: 49 (1940) Olea verrucosa (Willd.) Link in Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 1: 33 (1821) Olea verrucosa var. brachybotrys DC. in Prodr. 8: 285 (1844)

Olea europaea subsp. cuspidata is a subspecies of the well-known olive tree (Olea europaea), which until recently was considered a separate species (Olea africana) and is still mentioned as such in many sources. Native to mostly dry areas across sub-saharan Africa, West Asia, the Himalayan region and southern China,^[3] it has various common names, including wild olive, African olive, brown olive and Indian olive.^[4]

It is the ancestor of the cultivated olive and it has been introduced to Australia, New Zealand and the US. It is an aggressive invasive species that can infest dry woodland areas, riparian zones, headlands and dune systems.^[5]