Operation Ramadan

Operation Ramadan
Part of Iran–Iraq War

Operation Ramadan, Map. Iraq in yellow.
Date13 July – 3 August, 1982[1]
(3 weeks)
Location
North-East of Basra, southern Iraq
Result

Iraqi victory

  • Iran fails to capture its main operational objective of Basra
  • Successful Iraqi defence
Territorial
changes
Iran captures 50 square Kilometers[1]
Belligerents
 Iraq  Iran
Commanders and leaders
Iraq Saddam Hussein
Iraq Maher Abd al-Rashid
Iran Ruhollah Khomeini
Iran Mohsen Rezaei
Iran Ali Sayad Shirazi
Strength
8 divisions
80,000-100,000 troops
700+ tanks[1][2]
90,000-150,000 troops
300+ tanks
300 artillery pieces[3][1]
Casualties and losses
5,000 killed
1,000 captured
150 tanks lost[4]
12,000 killed
300 tanks lost[4]

Operation Ramadan was an Iranian offensive in the Iran–Iraq War that consisted of three separate attacks that lasted for 6 weeks.[5] It was launched by Iran on 13 July 1982 near Basra and featured the use of human wave attacks in the largest land battle since World War II. The engagement was a part of the overall stalemate.

  1. ^ a b c d Connell, Michael (July 2013). Iranian Operational Decision Making - Case Studies from the Iran-Iraq War (PDF). CNA Strategic Studies. Retrieved 10 February 2017.
  2. ^ Kenneth, Pollack. "Arabs at War: Military Effectiveness, 1948-1991". September 1, 2004. Pages 204-205.
  3. ^ Kenneth, Pollack. "Arabs at War: Military Effectiveness, 1948-1991". September 1, 2004. Page 204.
  4. ^ a b Razoux, Pierre (2015). The Iran-Iraq War. Harvard University Press, 2015. p. 225. ISBN 978-0674915718.
  5. ^ Gibson, Bryan R. (2010). Covert Relationship: American Foreign Policy, Intelligence, and the Iran-Iraq War, 1980–1988. Praeger. ISBN 978-0-313-38610-7. Retrieved 10 February 2017.