| Optic neuritis | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Optic Neuritis following a febrile infection in a young woman | |
| Specialty | Ophthalmology, optometry, neurology |
| Symptoms | loss of vision, loss of colour vision, pain worsening on eye movements |
| Complications | multiple sclerosis, MOG-disease, NMO |
| Usual onset | subacute |
| Duration | 1-3 months |
| Types | MS-ON, MOG-ON, AQP4-ON, CRMP5-ON, SION, RION, CRION, post-infectious ON, post-vaccination ON, ON as complication of systemic diseases or meidication |
| Causes | autoimmune, infection, vaccination, medication |
| Risk factors | genetic |
| Diagnostic method | Diagnostic criteria |
| Prognosis | Prognosis depends on the subtype of ON |
| Frequency | can be relapsing |
Optic neuritis describes any condition that causes inflammation of the optic nerve; it may be associated with demyelinating diseases, or infectious or inflammatory processes.[1]
It is also known as optic papillitis (when the head of the optic nerve is involved), neuroretinitis (when there is a combined involvement of the optic disc and surrounding retina in the macular area) and retrobulbar neuritis (when the posterior part of the nerve is involved). Prelaminar optic neuritis describes involvement of the non-myelinated axons in the retina.[1]
- ^ a b Petzold A, Fraser CL, Abegg M, Alroughani R, Alshowaeir D, Alvarenga R, et al. (December 2022). "Diagnosis and classification of optic neuritis". The Lancet. Neurology. 21 (12): 1120–1134. doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(22)00200-9. PMID 36179757. S2CID 252564095.