| Osroes I 𐭇𐭅𐭎𐭓𐭅 | |
|---|---|
| King of Kings | |
,_Ecbatana_mint.jpg) Silver coin of Osroes I, Ecbatana mint | |
| King of the Parthian Empire | |
| 1st Reign | 109–116 |
| Predecessor | Pacorus II |
| Successor | Parthamaspates |
| 2nd Reign | 117–129 |
| Predecessor | Parthamaspates |
| Successor | Vologases III |
| Died | 129 |
| Issue | Parthamaspates |
| House | Arsacid dynasty |
| Religion | Zoroastrianism |
Osroes I (also spelled Chosroes I or Khosrow I; Parthian: 𐭇𐭅𐭎𐭓𐭅 Husrōw) was a Parthian contender, who ruled the western portion of the Parthian Empire from 109 to 129, with a one-year interruption. For most of his reign he contended with the rival king Vologases III (r. 110–147) who was based in the eastern provinces. In 116, Osroes I was briefly ousted from his throne at Ctesiphon during an invasion by Roman emperor Trajan (r. 98–117), who installed Osroes' son, Parthamaspates. After Trajan's death the following year, Osroes I's rule was reinstated by the Parthian nobility. In 129, he was removed from power by Vologases III.