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Oxalobacter formigenes | |
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Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Bacteria |
Phylum: | Pseudomonadota |
Class: | Betaproteobacteria |
Order: | Burkholderiales |
Family: | Oxalobacteraceae |
Genus: | Oxalobacter |
Species: | O. formigenes
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Binomial name | |
Oxalobacter formigenes Allison et al, 1985[1]
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Type strain | |
Oxalobacter formigenes OxBT |
Oxalobacter formigenes is a Gram negative oxalate-degrading anaerobic bacterium that was first isolated from the gastrointestinal tract of a sheep in 1985.[1] To date, the bacterium has been found to colonize the large intestines of numerous vertebrates, including humans, and has even been isolated from freshwater sediment.[2] It processes oxalate by decarboxylation into formate (oxalyl-CoA decarboxylase), producing energy for itself in the process.[3]
The broad-spectrum quinolone antibiotics kill O. formigenes.[citation needed] If a person's gastrointestinal (GI) tract lacks this bacterium, and therefore lacks the primary source of the oxalyl-CoA decarboxylase enzyme, then the GI tract cannot degrade dietary oxalates; after some vitamin B6-modulated partial metabolic degradation in the body, the oxalates are excreted in the kidney, where they precipitates to form calcium oxalate kidney stones.[4][5][6][7] Oxalobacter formigenes can protect against kidney stones by degrading oxalate.[7]
The role and presence of O. formigenes in the human gut is an area of active research.
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