Panling lanshan (盤領襴衫), also referred as lanshan (襴衫), is a traditional Chinese attire for men. It is a specific form of round collar robe, known as yuanlingpao, which is characterized with the use of hem, called hanglan (横襕), also referred as lan (襕)).[1][2] The panling lanshan was a new type of garment, developed in the Northern and Southern dynasties through the localization of the round-collar garments which had been introduced by the ethnic minorities, such as the Xianbei.[2] Panling lanshan continued to be worn in the Tang dynasty.[3][4] The panling lanshan along with the futou (幞頭; black cap) was used as the Tang dynasty attire of scholars and officials.[5] The scholars' attire in the succeeding dynasties followed the style of the panling lanshan of the Tang dynasty.[5] It is also a formal attire worn by scholars and students (生員) taking the imperial examination in Ming dynasty.
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^周锡保 (Oct 1986), 《中国古代服饰史》(PDF) (in Chinese) (2nd ed.), 中国戏剧出版社, p. 179, retrieved May 17, 2009
^朱和平 (July 2001), 《中国服饰史稿》(PDF) (in Chinese) (1st ed.), 中州古籍出版社, p. 222, retrieved May 20, 2009
