Parantirrhoea

Tranvancore evening brown
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Lepidoptera
Family: Nymphalidae
Tribe: Melanitini
Genus: Parantirrhoea
Wood-Mason, 1881
Species:
P. marshalli
Binomial name
Parantirrhoea marshalli

Parantirrhoea is a monotypic butterfly genus in the family Nymphalidae.[2] Its only species, Parantirrhoea marshalli, the Tranvancore evening brown,[3][2] is endemic to the Western Ghats of India.[3] James Wood-Mason described this species from the specimens in the collection of G F L Marshall which were collected by Harold S. Ferguson who was director of the State Museum at Trivandrum.[4][1] Little was known about the species in the wild until a population was discovered in the Periyar Tiger Reserve in 1993.[5] Sightings of both sexes of this butterfly are reported in the southern region of the Western Ghats in 2002 (Kunhikrishnan (2002)). In 2006, larvae were collected from an Etah jungle like habitat in Kallar-Ponmudi valley, a northerly extension of the Ashambu hills of southern Western Ghats. Caterpillars collected were reared in laboratory conditions.[6][7] It is also known from Periyambadi in Kodagu.[8]

  1. ^ a b Wood-Mason, James (1881). "Description of Parantirrhoea Marshalli, the Type of a new Genus and Species of Rhopalocerous Lepidoptera from South India". Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal. 49: 250.
  2. ^ a b "Parantirrhoea Wood-Mason, 1881" at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
  3. ^ a b R.K., Varshney; Smetacek, Peter (2015). A Synoptic Catalogue of the Butterflies of India. New Delhi: Butterfly Research Centre, Bhimtal & Indinov Publishing, New Delhi. p. 164. doi:10.13140/RG.2.1.3966.2164. ISBN 978-81-929826-4-9.
  4. ^ G. F. L., Marshall; Nicéville, Lionel de (1882). The butterflies of India, Burmah and Ceylon. Vol. I. Calcutta: Central Press Co., ld. p. 4.
  5. ^ Elamon, S. (1993): Butterflies of Periyar Tiger Reserve. Project Report submitted to Kerala Forest Department
  6. ^ S. Kalesh & S. K. Prakash (2010). "Early Stages of the Travancore Evening Brown Parantirrhoea Marshalli Wood mason (Satyrinae, Nymphalidae, Lepidoptera), An Endemic Butterfly from the Southern Western Ghats, India". Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. 106 (2): 142–148.
  7. ^ Moore, Frederic (1893–1896). Lepidoptera Indica. Vol. II. London: Lovell Reeve and Co. pp. 140–141.
  8. ^ Winchworth, H. C. (1927). "The occurrence of the Wood Mason butterfly (Parantirrhoea marshalli) in Coorg". 32 (1): 230–231. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)