| Parasimuliinae | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Diptera |
| Family: | Simuliidae |
| Subfamily: | Parasimuliinae Smart, 1945 |
| Type genus | |
| Parasimulium Malloch, 1914
| |
The Parasimuliinae are a subfamily of Simuliidae (black flies) containing only one genus and four species.[1] Most species are rare, and some are cave dwellers, in western North America.[2][3]
- ^
Peter H. Adler & Roger W. Crosskey (2009). "World Blackflies (Diptera: Simuliidae): A Comprehensive Revision of the Taxonomic and Geographical Inventory": 109.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ Patrick Shaw & Martin Davis (1999). "Invertebrates from Caves on Vancouver Island" (PDF). Proc. Biology and Management of Species and Habitats at Risk, Kamloops, B.C.: 121–124.
- ^ Art Borkent & Douglas C. Currie (2001). "Discovery of the Female of Parasimulium (Astoneomyia) Melanderi Stone (Diptera: Simuliidae) in a Cave in British Columbia, With a Discussion of its Phylogenetic Position". Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington. 103 (3): 546–553.